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*
Department of Clinical Immunology and
Institute of Medical Microbiology, Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and
Department of Pathology, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
We induced the passive reverse Arthus reaction to IgG immune
complexes (IC) at different tissue sites in mice lacking C3 treated or
not with a C5aR-specific antagonist, or in mice lacking mast cells
(KitW/KitW-v mice),
and compared the inflammatory responses with those in the corresponding
wild-type mice. We confirmed that IC inflammation of skin can be
mediated largely by mast cells expressing C5aR and Fc
RIII. In
addition, we provided evidence for C3-independent C5aR triggering,
which may explain why the cutaneous Arthus reaction develops normally
in C3-/- mice. Furthermore, some, but not all, of
the acute changes associated with the Arthus response in the lung were
significantly more intense in normal mice than in C3-/-
or KitW/KitW-v mice,
indicating for C3- and mast cell-dependent and -independent components.
Finally, we demonstrated that C3 contributed to the elicitation of
neutrophils to alveoli, which corresponded to an increased synthesis of
TNF-
, macrophage-inflammatory protein-2, and cytokine-induced
neutrophil chemoattractant. While mast cells similarly
influenced alveolar polymorphonuclear leukocyte influx, the levels of
these cytokines remained largely unaffected in mast cell deficiency.
Together, the phenotypes of C3-/- mice and
KitW/KitW-v mice suggest
that complement and mast cells have distinct tissue site-specific
requirements acting by apparently distinct mechanisms in the initiation
of IC inflammation.
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