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*
Rheumatology Research Laboratory, Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Center St. Radboud, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
Department of Pharmacology, NV Organon, Oss, The Netherlands; and
Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112
T cell IL-17 displays proinflammatory properties and is
expressed in the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Its
contribution to the arthritic process has not been identified. Here, we
show that blocking of endogenous IL-17 in the autoimmune
collagen-induced arthritis model results in suppression of arthritis.
Also, joint damage was significantly reduced. In contrast,
overexpression of IL-17 enhanced collagen arthritis. Moreover,
adenoviral IL-17 injected in the knee joint of type II
collagen-immunized mice accelerated the onset and aggravated the
synovial inflammation at the site. Radiographic and histologic analysis
showed markedly increased joint destruction. Elevated levels of IL-1
protein were found in synovial tissue. Intriguingly, blocking of
IL-1
with neutralizing Abs had no effect on the IL-17-induced
inflammation and joint damage in the knee joint, implying an IL-1
independent pathway. This direct potency of IL-17 was underscored in
the unabated IL-17-induced exaggeration of bacterial cell
wall-induced arthritis in IL-1
-/- mice. In conclusion,
this data shows that IL-17 contributes to joint destruction and
identifies an IL-1-independent role of IL-17. These findings suggest
IL-17 to be a novel target for the treatment of destructive arthritis
and may have implications for tissue destruction in other autoimmune
diseases.
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