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The Journal of Immunology, 2001, 167: 7180-7191.
Copyright © 2001 by The American Association of Immunologists

Potentiation of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV)-Specific CD4+ and CD8+ T Cell Responses by a DNA-SIV and NYVAC-SIV Prime/Boost Regimen

Zdenek Hel*, Wen-Po Tsai*, Arthur Thornton*, Janos Nacsa*, Laura Giuliani*, Elzbieta Tryniszewska*, Monita Poudyal*, David Venzon{dagger}, Xiaochi Wang{ddagger}, John Altman{ddagger}, David I. Watkins§, Wenhong Lu, Agneta von Gegerfelt, Barbara K. Felber, James Tartaglia||, George N. Pavlakis and Genoveffa Franchini1,*

* Basic Research Laboratory and {dagger} Biostatistics and Data Management Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892; {ddagger} Emory University Vaccine Center at Yerkes, Atlanta, GA 30329; § Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center, Madison, WI 53715; National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702; and || Aventis-Pasteur, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

T cell-mediated immune responses play an important role in the containment of HIV-1 replication. Therefore, an effective vaccine against HIV-1 should be able to elicit high frequencies of virus-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. The highly attenuated poxvirus-based vaccine candidate, NYVAC-SIV-gag-pol-env (NYVAC-SIV-gpe), has been shown to induce and/or expand SIV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses in both naive and infected macaques. In this study, the immunogenicity of NYVAC-SIV-gpe alone was compared with a combination regimen where priming with an optimized DNA-SIV-gag-env vaccine candidate was followed by a NYVAC-SIV-gpe boost. In macaques immunized with the prime-boost regimen, the extent and durability of CD8+ T cell response to an immunodominant SIV gag epitope was increased and these animals recognized a broader array of subdominant SIV epitopes in the cytolytic assay. In addition, the prime-boost regimen significantly enhanced the proliferative responses to both SIV gag and env proteins. Thus, the combination of these vaccine modalities may represent a valuable strategy in the development of a vaccine for HIV.




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