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The Journal of Immunology, 2001, 167: 6957-6966.
Copyright © 2001 by The American Association of Immunologists

A Protective and Agonistic Function of IL-12p40 in Mycobacterial Infection1

Christoph Hölscher2,*, Robert A. Atkinson*, Berenice Arendse*, Najmeeyah Brown*, Elmarie Myburgh*, Gottfried Alber{dagger} and Frank Brombacher3,*

* Medical Research Council Unit Immunology in Infectious Diseases, Department of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; and {dagger} Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

IL-12p35-/-p40-/- mice are highly susceptible to Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) or Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. In this study IL-12p35-/- mice, which are able to produce endogenous IL-12p40, cleared M. bovis BCG and showed reduced susceptibility to pulmonary M. tuberculosis infection, which was in striking contrast to the outcome of mycobacterial infection in IL-12p35-/-p40-/- mice. Resistance in wild-type and IL-12p35-/- mice was accompanied by protective granuloma formation and Ag-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity responses, which were impaired in susceptible IL-12p35-/- p40-/- mice. Furthermore, IL-12p35-/- mice, but not IL-12p35-/-p40-/- mice, mounted Ag-specific Th1 and cytotoxic T cell responses. In vivo therapy with rIL-12p40 homodimer restored the impaired delayed-type hypersensitivity responses in M. bovis BCG-infected IL-12p35-/-p40-/- mice and reverted them to a more resistant phenotype. Together, these results show evidence for a protective and agonistic role of endogenous and exogenous IL-12p40 in mycobacterial infection, which is independent of IL-12p70.




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