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The Journal of Immunology, 2001, 167: 6441-6446.
Copyright © 2001 by The American Association of Immunologists

Intramembrane Proteolysis of Signal Peptides: An Essential Step in the Generation of HLA-E Epitopes1

Marius K. Lemberg2,*, Felicity A. Bland2,{dagger}, Andreas Weihofen*, Veronique M. Braud3,{dagger} and Bruno Martoglio4,*

* Institute of Biochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Eidgenössiche Technische Hochschule), Zurich, Switzerland; and {dagger} Medical Research Council, Human Immunology Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom

Signal sequences of human MHC class I molecules are a unique source of epitopes for newly synthesized nonclassical HLA-E molecules. Binding of such conserved peptides to HLA-E induces its cell surface expression and protects cells from NK cell attack. After cleavage from the pre-protein, we show that the liberated MHC class I signal peptide is further processed by signal peptide peptidase in the hydrophobic, membrane-spanning region. This cut is essential for the release of the HLA-E epitope-containing fragment from the lipid bilayer and its subsequent transport into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum via the TAP.




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