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Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College School of Medicine, Northwick Park Institute for Medical Research, and
St. Marks Hospital, Harrow, Middlesex, United Kingdom
Dendritic cells (DC) in the colon may regulate intestinal immunity
but remain poorly characterized. In this study a
CD11c+HLA-DR+lin-
(CD3-CD14-CD16-CD19-CD34-)
population has been identified by flow cytometry in cells obtained by
rapid collagenase digestion of human colonic and rectal biopsies. These
day 0 (d0) CD11c+HLA-DR+lin- cells
comprised 
0.6% of the mononuclear cells obtained from the lamina
propria, were endocytically active, and had the phenotype of immature
DC; they were CD40+ and expressed low levels of CD83 and
CD86, but little or no CD80 or CD25. Similar d0 DC populations were
isolated from the colonic mucosa of healthy controls and from both
inflamed and noninflamed tissue from patients with Crohn’s disease.
The lamina propria also contained a population of cells capable of
migrating out of biopsies during an overnight culture and
differentiating into mature DC with lower levels of endocytic activity
and high cell surface expression of CD40, CD80, CD86, CD83, and CD25.
This mature DC population was a potent stimulator of an allogeneic
mixed leukocyte (MLR). Overnight culture of cells isolated by enzymatic
digestion on d0 yielded DC with a phenotype intermediate between that
of the d0 cells and that of the cells migrating out overnight.
Overnight culture of colonic cells in which DC and
HLA-DR+lin+ cells were differentially labeled
with FITC-dextran suggested that some of the maturing DC might
differentiate from HLA-DR+lin+ progenitors.
This study presents the first analysis of the phenotype, maturational
status, and migratory activity of human gut DC.
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