| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
Screening with the flow cytometric IFN-
assay has led to the
identification of a new immunogenic peptide (SSYRRVPGI) from the
influenza PB1 polymerase (PB1703–711) and a mimotope
(ISPLMVAYM) from the PB2 polymerase (PB2198–206).
CD8+ T cells specific for KbPB1703
make both IFN- and TNF-
following stimulation with both peptides.
The CD8+ KbPB1703+
population kills PB2198-pulsed targets, but cell lines
stimulated with PB2198 neither bind the
KbPB1703 tetramer nor become CTL. This
CD8+KbPB1703+
population is prominent in the primary response to an H3N2 virus,
although it is much less obvious following secondary challenge of
H1N1-primed mice. Even so, we can now account for >40% of the
CD8+ T cells in a primary influenza pneumonia and >85% of
those present after H3N2 
H1N1 challenge. Profiles of IFN- and
TNF- staining following in vitro stimulation have been traced for
the four most prominent influenza peptides through primary and
secondary responses into long-term memory. The
DbNP366 epitope that is immunodominant after
the H3N2 H1N1 challenge shows the lowest frequencies of
CD8+ IFN-+TNF-+ cells for >6
wk, and the intensity of IFN- staining is also low for the first 3
wk. By 11 wk, however, the IFN-/TNF- profiles look to be similar
for all four epitopes. At least by the criterion of cytokine
production, there is considerable epitope-related functional diversity
in the influenza virus-specific CD8+ T cell response. The
results for the KbPB1703 epitope and the
PB2198 mimotope also provide a cautionary tale for those
using the cytokine staining approach to identity antigenic
peptides.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  P. G. Thomas, S. A. Brown, M. Y. Morris, W. Yue, J. So, C. Reynolds, R. J. Webby, and P. C. Doherty Physiological Numbers of CD4+ T Cells Generate Weak Recall Responses Following Influenza Virus Challenge J. Immunol., February 15, 2010; 184(4): 1721 - 1727. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. W. Mays, M. T. Bailey, J. T. Hunzeker, N. D. Powell, T. Papenfuss, E. A. Karlsson, D. A. Padgett, and J. F. Sheridan Influenza Virus-Specific Immunological Memory Is Enhanced by Repeated Social Defeat J. Immunol., February 15, 2010; 184(4): 2014 - 2025. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. R. Manuel, W. W. Yeh, M. S. Seaman, K. Furr, M. A. Lifton, S. L. Hulot, P. Autissier, and N. L. Letvin Dominant CD8+ T-Lymphocyte Responses Suppress Expansion of Vaccine-Elicited Subdominant T Lymphocytes in Rhesus Monkeys Challenged with Pathogenic Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus J. Virol., October 1, 2009; 83(19): 10028 - 10035. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Y. Lee, D. J. Topham, S. Y. Park, J. Hollenbaugh, J. Treanor, T. R. Mosmann, X. Jin, B. M. Ward, H. Miao, J. Holden-Wiltse, et al. Simulation and Prediction of the Adaptive Immune Response to Influenza A Virus Infection J. Virol., July 15, 2009; 83(14): 7151 - 7165. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. L. Turnbull, M. Wong, S. Wang, X. Wei, N. A. Jones, K. E. Conrod, D. Aldam, J. Turner, P. Pellegrino, B. F. Keele, et al. Kinetics of Expansion of Epitope-Specific T Cell Responses during Primary HIV-1 Infection J. Immunol., June 1, 2009; 182(11): 7131 - 7145. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Handel, A. Yates, S. S Pilyugin, and R. Antia Sharing the burden: antigen transport and firebreaks in immune responses J R Soc Interface, May 6, 2009; 6(34): 447 - 454. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Halfmann, H. Ebihara, A. Marzi, Y. Hatta, S. Watanabe, M. Suresh, G. Neumann, H. Feldmann, and Y. Kawaoka Replication-Deficient Ebolavirus as a Vaccine Candidate J. Virol., April 15, 2009; 83(8): 3810 - 3815. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. H. Y. Lin, B. J. Sedgmen, T. J. Moraes, L. M. Snell, D. J. Topham, and T. H. Watts Endogenous 4-1BB Ligand Plays a Critical Role in Protection from Influenza-Induced Disease J. Immunol., January 15, 2009; 182(2): 934 - 947. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Handel and R. Antia A Simple Mathematical Model Helps To Explain the Immunodominance of CD8 T Cells in Influenza A Virus Infections J. Virol., August 15, 2008; 82(16): 7768 - 7772. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. J. Yager, M. Ahmed, K. Lanzer, T. D. Randall, D. L. Woodland, and M. A. Blackman Age-associated decline in T cell repertoire diversity leads to holes in the repertoire and impaired immunity to influenza virus J. Exp. Med., March 17, 2008; 205(3): 711 - 723. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Wakabayashi, Y. Nakagawa, M. Shimizu, K. Moriya, Y. Nishiyama, and H. Takahashi Suppression of an Already Established Tumor Growing through Activated Mucosal CTLs Induced by Oral Administration of Tumor Antigen with Cholera Toxin J. Immunol., March 15, 2008; 180(6): 4000 - 4010. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. E. Valentine, S. M. Piaskowski, E. G. Rakasz, N. L. Henry, N. A. Wilson, and D. I. Watkins Recognition of Escape Variants in ELISPOT Does Not Always Predict CD8+ T-Cell Recognition of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Cells Expressing the Same Variant Sequences J. Virol., January 1, 2008; 82(1): 575 - 581. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Heidema, M. V. Lukens, W. W. C. van Maren, M. E. A. van Dijk, H. G. Otten, A. J. van Vught, D. B. M. van der Werff, S. J. P. van Gestel, M. G. Semple, R. L. Smyth, et al. CD8+ T Cell Responses in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Infants with Severe Primary Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections J. Immunol., December 15, 2007; 179(12): 8410 - 8417. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. B. Day, W. Zeng, P. C. Doherty, D. C. Jackson, K. Kedzierska, and S. J. Turner The Context of Epitope Presentation Can Influence Functional Quality of Recalled Influenza A Virus-Specific Memory CD8+ T Cells J. Immunol., August 15, 2007; 179(4): 2187 - 2194. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. K. Whitmire, B. Eam, N. Benning, and J. L. Whitton Direct Interferon-{gamma} Signaling Dramatically Enhances CD4+ and CD8+ T Cell Memory J. Immunol., July 15, 2007; 179(2): 1190 - 1197. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. R. Jenkins, K. Kedzierska, P. C. Doherty, and S. J. Turner Heterogeneity of Effector Phenotype for Acute Phase and Memory Influenza A Virus-Specific CTL J. Immunol., July 1, 2007; 179(1): 64 - 70. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. J. Turner, E. Olivas, A. Gutierrez, G. Diaz, and P. C. Doherty Disregulated Influenza A Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cell Homeostasis in the Absence of IFN-{gamma} Signaling J. Immunol., June 15, 2007; 178(12): 7616 - 7622. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. T. Belz, L. Zhang, M. D. H. Lay, F. Kupresanin, and M. P. Davenport Killer T cells regulate antigen presentation for early expansion of memory, but not naive, CD8+ T cell PNAS, April 10, 2007; 104(15): 6341 - 6346. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Lee, S. A. Miller, D. W. Wright, M. T. Rock, and J. E. Crowe Jr. Tissue-Specific Regulation of CD8+ T-Lymphocyte Immunodominance in Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection J. Virol., March 1, 2007; 81(5): 2349 - 2358. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. G. Thomas, S. A. Brown, R. Keating, W. Yue, M. Y. Morris, J. So, R. J. Webby, and P. C. Doherty Hidden Epitopes Emerge in Secondary Influenza Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cell Reponses J. Immunol., March 1, 2007; 178(5): 3091 - 3098. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Stambas, P. C. Doherty, and S. J. Turner An In Vivo Cytotoxicity Threshold for Influenza A Virus-Specific Effector and Memory CD8+ T Cells J. Immunol., February 1, 2007; 178(3): 1285 - 1292. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. O. Co, L. H. Hogan, J. Karman, E. Heninger, S. Vang, K. Wells, Y. Kawaoka, and M. Sandor Interactions between T Cells Responding to Concurrent Mycobacterial and Influenza Infections J. Immunol., December 15, 2006; 177(12): 8456 - 8465. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. P. Lawrence, A. D. Roberts, J. J. Neumiller, J. A. Cundiff, and D. L. Woodland Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation Impairs the Priming but Not the Recall of Influenza Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cells in the Lung J. Immunol., November 1, 2006; 177(9): 5819 - 5828. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. R. Jenkins, R. Webby, P. C. Doherty, and S. J. Turner Addition of a Prominent Epitope Affects Influenza A Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cell Immunodominance Hierarchies When Antigen Is Limiting. J. Immunol., September 1, 2006; 177(5): 2917 - 2925. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. M. Lindell, M. N. Ballinger, R. A. McDonald, G. B. Toews, and G. B. Huffnagle Diversity of the T-Cell Response to Pulmonary Cryptococcus neoformans Infection Infect. Immun., August 1, 2006; 74(8): 4538 - 4548. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. K. Whitmire, N. Benning, and J. L. Whitton Precursor Frequency, Nonlinear Proliferation, and Functional Maturation of Virus-Specific CD4+ T Cells. J. Immunol., March 1, 2006; 176(5): 3028 - 3036. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. G. Thomas, S. A. Brown, W. Yue, J. So, R. J. Webby, and P. C. Doherty An unexpected antibody response to an engineered influenza virus modifies CD8+ T cell responses PNAS, February 21, 2006; 103(8): 2764 - 2769. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. L. La Gruta, K. Kedzierska, K. Pang, R. Webby, M. Davenport, W. Chen, S. J. Turner, and P. C. Doherty A virus-specific CD8+ T cell immunodominance hierarchy determined by antigen dose and precursor frequencies PNAS, January 24, 2006; 103(4): 994 - 999. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Kedzierska, N. L. La Gruta, M. P. Davenport, S. J. Turner, and P. C. Doherty Contribution of T cell receptor affinity to overall avidity for virus-specific CD8+ T cell responses PNAS, August 9, 2005; 102(32): 11432 - 11437. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Hendriks, Y. Xiao, J. W. A. Rossen, K. F. van der Sluijs, K. Sugamura, N. Ishii, and J. Borst During Viral Infection of the Respiratory Tract, CD27, 4-1BB, and OX40 Collectively Determine Formation of CD8+ Memory T Cells and Their Capacity for Secondary Expansion J. Immunol., August 1, 2005; 175(3): 1665 - 1676. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. C. Kemball, E. D. H. Lee, V. Vezys, T. C. Pearson, C. P. Larsen, and A. E. Lukacher Late Priming and Variability of Epitope-Specific CD8+ T Cell Responses during a Persistent Virus Infection J. Immunol., June 15, 2005; 174(12): 7950 - 7960. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. M. Manders, P. J. Hunter, A. I. Telaranta, J. M. Carr, J. L. Marshall, M. Carrasco, Y. Murakami, M. J. Palmowski, V. Cerundolo, S. M. Kaech, et al. Inaugural Article: BCL6b mediates the enhanced magnitude of the secondary response of memory CD8+ T lymphocytes PNAS, May 24, 2005; 102(21): 7418 - 7425. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. W. Lawrence, R. M. Ream, and T. J. Braciale Frequency, Specificity, and Sites of Expansion of CD8+ T Cells during Primary Pulmonary Influenza Virus Infection J. Immunol., May 1, 2005; 174(9): 5332 - 5340. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. R. Marshall, E. Olivas, S. Andreansky, N. L. La Gruta, G. A. Neale, A. Gutierrez, D. G. Wichlan, S. Wingo, C. Cheng, P. C. Doherty, et al. Effector CD8+ T cells recovered from an influenza pneumonia differentiate to a state of focused gene expression PNAS, April 26, 2005; 102(17): 6074 - 6079. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. S. Andreansky, J. Stambas, P. G. Thomas, W. Xie, R. J. Webby, and P. C. Doherty Consequences of Immunodominant Epitope Deletion for Minor Influenza Virus-Specific CD8+-T-Cell Responses J. Virol., April 1, 2005; 79(7): 4329 - 4339. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. S. Lipatov, S. Andreansky, R. J. Webby, D. J. Hulse, J. E. Rehg, S. Krauss, D. R. Perez, P. C. Doherty, R. G. Webster, and M. Y. Sangster Pathogenesis of Hong Kong H5N1 influenza virus NS gene reassortants in mice: the role of cytokines and B- and T-cell responses J. Gen. Virol., April 1, 2005; 86(4): 1121 - 1130. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. M. M. Haeryfar, R. J. DiPaolo, D. C. Tscharke, J. R. Bennink, and J. W. Yewdell Regulatory T Cells Suppress CD8+ T Cell Responses Induced by Direct Priming and Cross-Priming and Moderate Immunodominance Disparities J. Immunol., March 15, 2005; 174(6): 3344 - 3351. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. R. Crowe, S. C. Miller, R. M. Shenyo, and D. L. Woodland Vaccination with an Acidic Polymerase Epitope of Influenza Virus Elicits a Potent Antiviral T Cell Response but Delayed Clearance of an Influenza Virus Challenge J. Immunol., January 15, 2005; 174(2): 696 - 701. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. B. Kamath, J. Woodworth, X. Xiong, C. Taylor, Y. Weng, and S. M. Behar Cytolytic CD8+ T Cells Recognizing CFP10 Are Recruited to the Lung after Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection J. Exp. Med., December 6, 2004; 200(11): 1479 - 1489. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Ramakrishna, S. A. Stohlman, R. A. Atkinson, D. R. Hinton, and C. C. Bergmann Differential Regulation of Primary and Secondary CD8+ T Cells in the Central Nervous System J. Immunol., November 15, 2004; 173(10): 6265 - 6273. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Liu, J. L. Whitton, and M. K. Slifka The Rapidity with Which Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cells Initiate IFN-{gamma} Synthesis Increases Markedly over the Course of Infection and Correlates with Immunodominance J. Immunol., July 1, 2004; 173(1): 456 - 462. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. L. La Gruta, S. J. Turner, and P. C. Doherty Hierarchies in Cytokine Expression Profiles for Acute and Resolving Influenza Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cell Responses: Correlation of Cytokine Profile and TCR Avidity J. Immunol., May 1, 2004; 172(9): 5553 - 5560. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. J. Turner, N. L. La Gruta, J. Stambas, G. Diaz, and P. C. Doherty Differential tumor necrosis factor receptor 2-mediated editing of virus-specific CD8+ effector T cells PNAS, March 9, 2004; 101(10): 3545 - 3550. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. Zhong, P. A. Reche, C.-C. Lai, B. Reinhold, and E. L. Reinherz Genome-wide Characterization of a Viral Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Epitope Repertoire J. Biol. Chem., November 14, 2003; 278(46): 45135 - 45144. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. S. Strom, S. J. Turner, S. Andreansky, H. Liu, P. C. Doherty, D. K. Srivastava, J. M. Cunningham, and A. W. Nienhuis Defects in T-cell-mediated immunity to influenza virus in murine Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome are corrected by oncoretroviral vector-mediated gene transfer into repopulating hematopoietic cells Blood, November 1, 2003; 102(9): 3108 - 3116. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. R. Crowe, S. J. Turner, S. C. Miller, A. D. Roberts, R. A. Rappolo, P. C. Doherty, K. H. Ely, and D. L. Woodland Differential Antigen Presentation Regulates the Changing Patterns of CD8+ T Cell Immunodominance in Primary and Secondary Influenza Virus Infections J. Exp. Med., August 4, 2003; 198(3): 399 - 410. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. J. Webby, S. Andreansky, J. Stambas, J. E. Rehg, R. G. Webster, P. C. Doherty, and S. J. Turner Protection and compensation in the influenza virus-specific CD8+ T cell response PNAS, June 10, 2003; 100(12): 7235 - 7240. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Cho, S. Basta, W. Chen, J. R. Bennink, and J. W. Yewdell Heat-Aggregated Noninfectious Influenza Virus Induces a More Balanced CD8+-T-Lymphocyte Immunodominance Hierarchy Than Infectious Virus J. Virol., April 15, 2003; 77(8): 4679 - 4684. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. J. Johnson, E. O. Costelloe, D. R. Fitzpatrick, J. B. A. G. Haanen, T. N. M. Schumacher, L. E. Brown, and A. Kelso Single-cell perforin and granzyme expression reveals the anatomical localization of effector CD8+ T cells in influenza virus-infected mice PNAS, March 4, 2003; 100(5): 2657 - 2662. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. H. Ely, L. S. Cauley, A. D. Roberts, J. W. Brennan, T. Cookenham, and D. L. Woodland Nonspecific Recruitment of Memory CD8+ T Cells to the Lung Airways During Respiratory Virus Infections J. Immunol., February 1, 2003; 170(3): 1423 - 1429. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. M. Gray, G. D. Parks, and M. A. Alexander-Miller High Avidity CD8+ T Cells Are the Initial Population Elicited Following Viral Infection of the Respiratory Tract J. Immunol., January 1, 2003; 170(1): 174 - 181. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. T. Belz, D. Wodarz, G. Diaz, M. A. Nowak, and P. C. Doherty Compromised Influenza Virus-Specific CD8+-T-Cell Memory in CD4+-T-Cell-Deficient Mice J. Virol., December 1, 2002; 76(23): 12388 - 12393. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Tourdot and K. G. Gould Competition Between MHC Class I Alleles for Cell Surface Expression Alters CTL Responses to Influenza A Virus J. Immunol., November 15, 2002; 169(10): 5615 - 5621. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. A. Zenewicz, K. E. Foulds, J. Jiang, X. Fan, and H. Shen Nonsecreted Bacterial Proteins Induce Recall CD8 T Cell Responses But Do Not Serve as Protective Antigens J. Immunol., November 15, 2002; 169(10): 5805 - 5812. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Chen, J. R. Bennink, P. A. Morton, and J. W. Yewdell Mice Deficient in Perforin, CD4+ T Cells, or CD28-Mediated Signaling Maintain the Typical Immunodominance Hierarchies of CD8+ T-Cell Responses to Influenza Virus J. Virol., October 15, 2002; 76(20): 10332 - 10337. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Wedemeyer, X.-S. He, M. Nascimbeni, A. R. Davis, H. B. Greenberg, J. H. Hoofnagle, T. J. Liang, H. Alter, and B. Rehermann Impaired Effector Function of Hepatitis C Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cells in Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection J. Immunol., September 15, 2002; 169(6): 3447 - 3458. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K.-Y. Lee, E. Chun, N.-Y. Kim, and B. L. Seong Characterization of HLA-A2.1-restricted epitopes, conserved in both Hantaan and Sin Nombre viruses, in Hantaan virus-infected patients J. Gen. Virol., May 1, 2002; 83(5): 1131 - 1136. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Liu, S. Andreansky, G. Diaz, T. Hogg, and P. C. Doherty Reduced Functional Capacity of CD8+ T Cells Expanded by Post-Exposure Vaccination of {gamma}-Herpesvirus-Infected CD4-Deficient Mice J. Immunol., April 1, 2002; 168(7): 3477 - 3483. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. C. M. Boon, G. de Mutsert, Y. M. F. Graus, R. A. M. Fouchier, K. Sintnicolaas, A. D. M. E. Osterhaus, and G. F. Rimmelzwaan The Magnitude and Specificity of Influenza A Virus-Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Responses in Humans Is Related to HLA-A and -B Phenotype J. Virol., January 15, 2002; 76(2): 582 - 590. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. Wiley, R. J. Hogan, D. L. Woodland, and A. G. Harmsen Antigen-Specific CD8+ T Cells Persist in the Upper Respiratory Tract Following Influenza Virus Infection J. Immunol., September 15, 2001; 167(6): 3293 - 3299. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Riberdy, A. Zirkel, S. Surman, J. L. Hurwitz, and P. C. Doherty Cutting Edge: Culture with High Doses of Viral Peptide Induces Previously Unprimed CD8+ T Cells to Produce Cytokine J. Immunol., September 1, 2001; 167(5): 2437 - 2440. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. J. Turner, R. Cross, W. Xie, and P. C. Doherty Concurrent Naive and Memory CD8+ T Cell Responses to an Influenza A Virus J. Immunol., September 1, 2001; 167(5): 2753 - 2758. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
