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Laboratories of
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Vascular Biology and
Medical Biochemistry, The Picower Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been shown to be a
pivotal cytokine that mediates host inflammatory and immune responses.
Recently, immunoneutralization of MIF has been found to inhibit tumor
growth in mice; however, the contributing mechanisms underlying this
effect have not been well defined. We investigated whether MIF plays a
regulatory role in the expression of CTL activity. In a mouse model of
the CTL response using the OVA-transfected tumor cell line EL4 (EG.7),
we found that cultures of splenocytes obtained from EG.7-primed mice
secrete high levels of MIF following Ag stimulation in vitro. Notably,
parallel splenocyte cultures treated with neutralizing anti-MIF mAb
showed a significant increase in the CTL response directed against EG.7
cells compared with control mAb-treated cultures. This effect was
accompanied by elevated expression of IFN-
. Histological examination
of the EG.7 tumors from anti-MIF-treated animals showed a prominent
increase in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as well
as apoptotic tumor cells, consistent with the observed augmentation of
CTL activity in vivo by anti-MIF. This increased CTL activity was
associated with enhanced expression of the common
c-chain of the IL-2R that mediates CD8+ T
cell survival. Finally, CD8+ T lymphocytes obtained from
the spleens of anti-MIF-treated EG.7 tumor-bearing mice, when
transferred into recipient tumor-bearing mice, showed increased
accumulation in the tumor tissue. These data provide the first evidence
of an important role for MIF in the regulation and trafficking of
anti-tumor T lymphocytes in vivo.
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