| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
,
*
Department of Molecular Microbiology,
Department of Pathology and Immunology, and
Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
One mechanism of initiating innate host defenses against uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the production of cytokines by bladder epithelial cells; however, the means by which these cells recognize bacterial pathogens is poorly understood. Type 1 pili, expressed by the majority of UPEC, have been shown to have a critical role in inducing the expression of IL-6 in bladder epithelial cells after exposure to E. coli. In this study, we demonstrate that type 1 pili are not sufficient to activate IL-6 production by bladder epithelial cells. Instead, it was shown that bacterial invasion mediated by type 1 pili augments bladder epithelial responses to E. coli via an LPS-dependent mechanism, leading to the production of IL-6. RNA transcripts for the LPSR Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was detected in cultured bladder epithelial cells. The in vivo role of TLR4 was assessed using C3H/HeJ mice, which express a dominant negative form of TLR4. After infection with UPEC, C3H/HeJ mice have large foci of intracellular bacteria that persist within the bladder epithelium in the absence of any notable inflammatory response. These results indicate that LPS is required for bacterial invasion to enhance host responses to E. coli within the bladder.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  J. Song, B. L. Bishop, G. Li, R. Grady, A. Stapleton, and S. N. Abraham TLR4-mediated expulsion of bacteria from infected bladder epithelial cells PNAS, September 1, 2009; 106(35): 14966 - 14971. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Semiramoth, A. Gleizes, I. Turbica, C. Sandre, R. Gorges, I. Kansau, A. Servin, and S. Chollet-Martin Escherichia coli type 1 pili trigger late IL-8 production by neutrophil-like differentiated PLB-985 cells through a Src family kinase- and MAPK-dependent mechanism J. Leukoc. Biol., February 1, 2009; 85(2): 310 - 321. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Chassin, S. Vimont, F. Cluzeaud, M. Bens, J.-M. Goujon, B. Fernandez, A. Hertig, E. Rondeau, G. Arlet, M. W. Hornef, et al. TLR4 Facilitates Translocation of Bacteria across Renal Collecting Duct Cells J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., December 1, 2008; 19(12): 2364 - 2374. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. K. Billips, A. J. Schaeffer, and D. J. Klumpp Molecular Basis of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Evasion of the Innate Immune Response in the Bladder Infect. Immun., September 1, 2008; 76(9): 3891 - 3900. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. J. Wiles, B. K. Dhakal, D. S. Eto, and M. A. Mulvey Inactivation of Host Akt/Protein Kinase B Signaling by Bacterial Pore-forming Toxins Mol. Biol. Cell, April 1, 2008; 19(4): 1427 - 1438. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. M. Jacobsen, D. J. Stickler, H. L. T. Mobley, and M. E. Shirtliff Complicated Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections Due to Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis Clin. Microbiol. Rev., January 1, 2008; 21(1): 26 - 59. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. K. Billips, S. G. Forrestal, M. T. Rycyk, J. R. Johnson, D. J. Klumpp, and A. J. Schaeffer Modulation of Host Innate Immune Response in the Bladder by Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Infect. Immun., November 1, 2007; 75(11): 5353 - 5360. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. Andreani, G. Gatti, L. Simonella, V. Rivero, and M. Maccioni Activation of Toll-like Receptor 4 on Tumor Cells In vitro Inhibits Subsequent Tumor Growth In vivo Cancer Res., November 1, 2007; 67(21): 10519 - 10527. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. C. Hagan and H. L. T. Mobley Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Outer Membrane Antigens Expressed during Urinary Tract Infection Infect. Immun., August 1, 2007; 75(8): 3941 - 3949. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. E. Mansson, P. Kjall, S. Pellett, G. Nagy, R. A. Welch, F. Backhed, T. Frisan, and A. Richter-Dahlfors Role of the Lipopolysaccharide-CD14 Complex for the Activity of Hemolysin from Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Infect. Immun., February 1, 2007; 75(2): 997 - 1004. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Chassin, J.-M. Goujon, S. Darche, L. du Merle, M. Bens, F. Cluzeaud, C. Werts, E. Ogier-Denis, C. Le Bouguenec, D. Buzoni-Gatel, et al. Renal Collecting Duct Epithelial Cells React to Pyelonephritis-Associated Escherichia coli by Activating Distinct TLR4-Dependent and -Independent Inflammatory Pathways J. Immunol., October 1, 2006; 177(7): 4773 - 4784. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Gatti, V. Rivero, R. D. Motrich, and M. Maccioni Prostate epithelial cells can act as early sensors of infection by up-regulating TLR4 expression and proinflammatory mediators upon LPS stimulation J. Leukoc. Biol., May 1, 2006; 79(5): 989 - 998. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Jiang, P. Oliver, K. E. Davies, and N. Platt Identification and Characterization of Murine SCARA5, a Novel Class A Scavenger Receptor That Is Expressed by Populations of Epithelial Cells J. Biol. Chem., April 28, 2006; 281(17): 11834 - 11845. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. Regueiro, M. A. Campos, J. Pons, S. Alberti, and J. A. Bengoechea The uptake of a Klebsiella pneumoniae capsule polysaccharide mutant triggers an inflammatory response by human airway epithelial cells Microbiology, February 1, 2006; 152(2): 555 - 566. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K Harada, K Isse, and Y Nakanuma Interferon {gamma} accelerates NF-{kappa}B activation of biliary epithelial cells induced by Toll-like receptor and ligand interaction J. Clin. Pathol., February 1, 2006; 59(2): 184 - 190. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Mo, J. Cheng, E. Y.-H. P. Lee, T.-T. Sun, and X.-R. Wu Gene deletion in urothelium by specific expression of Cre recombinase Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, September 1, 2005; 289(3): F562 - F568. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Hunstad, S. S. Justice, C. S. Hung, S. R. Lauer, and S. J. Hultgren Suppression of Bladder Epithelial Cytokine Responses by Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Infect. Immun., July 1, 2005; 73(7): 3999 - 4006. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. L. Kau, S. M. Martin, W. Lyon, E. Hayes, M. G. Caparon, and S. J. Hultgren Enterococcus faecalis Tropism for the Kidneys in the Urinary Tract of C57BL/6J Mice Infect. Immun., April 1, 2005; 73(4): 2461 - 2468. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Sato and A. Iwasaki From The Cover: Induction of antiviral immunity requires Toll-like receptor signaling in both stromal and dendritic cell compartments PNAS, November 16, 2004; 101(46): 16274 - 16279. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Ueta, T. Nochi, M.-H. Jang, E. J. Park, O. Igarashi, A. Hino, S. Kawasaki, T. Shikina, T. Hiroi, S. Kinoshita, et al. Intracellularly Expressed TLR2s and TLR4s Contribution to an Immunosilent Environment at the Ocular Mucosal Epithelium J. Immunol., September 1, 2004; 173(5): 3337 - 3347. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. Feulner, M. Lu, JohnM. Shelton, M. Zhang, J. A. Richardson, and R. S. Munford Identification of Acyloxyacyl Hydrolase, a Lipopolysaccharide- Detoxifying Enzyme, in the Murine Urinary Tract Infect. Immun., June 1, 2004; 72(6): 3171 - 3178. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Duncan, G. Li, J.-S. Shin, J. L. Carson, and S. N. Abraham Bacterial Penetration of Bladder Epithelium through Lipid Rafts J. Biol. Chem., April 30, 2004; 279(18): 18944 - 18951. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. S. Justice, C. Hung, J. A. Theriot, D. A. Fletcher, G. G. Anderson, M. J. Footer, and S. J. Hultgren From the Cover: Differentiation and developmental pathways of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in urinary tract pathogenesis PNAS, February 3, 2004; 101(5): 1333 - 1338. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. G. Anderson, J. J. Palermo, J. D. Schilling, R. Roth, J. Heuser, and S. J. Hultgren Intracellular Bacterial Biofilm-Like Pods in Urinary Tract Infections Science, July 4, 2003; 301(5629): 105 - 107. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Falzano, M. G. Quaranta, S. Travaglione, P. Filippini, A. Fabbri, M. Viora, G. Donelli, and C. Fiorentini Cytotoxic Necrotizing Factor 1 Enhances Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Transcription and Secretion of Proinflammatory Cytokines in Human Uroepithelial Cells Infect. Immun., July 1, 2003; 71(7): 4178 - 4181. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Pawlinski, B. Pedersen, B. Kehrle, W. C. Aird, R. D. Frank, M. Guha, and N. Mackman Regulation of tissue factor and inflammatory mediators by Egr-1 in a mouse endotoxemia model Blood, May 15, 2003; 101(10): 3940 - 3947. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. D. Schilling, S. M. Martin, C. S. Hung, R. G. Lorenz, and S. J. Hultgren Toll-like receptor 4 on stromal and hematopoietic cells mediates innate resistance to uropathogenic Escherichiacoli PNAS, April 1, 2003; 100(7): 4203 - 4208. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. D. Schilling, S. M. Martin, D. A. Hunstad, K. P. Patel, M. A. Mulvey, S. S. Justice, R. G. Lorenz, and S. J. Hultgren CD14- and Toll-Like Receptor-Dependent Activation of Bladder Epithelial Cells by Lipopolysaccharide and Type 1 Piliated Escherichia coli Infect. Immun., March 1, 2003; 71(3): 1470 - 1480. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Christodoulides, B. L. Makepeace, K. A. Partridge, D. Kaur, M. I. Fowler, R. O. Weller, and J. E. Heckels Interaction of Neisseria meningitidis with Human Meningeal Cells Induces the Secretion of a Distinct Group of Chemotactic, Proinflammatory, and Growth-Factor Cytokines Infect. Immun., August 1, 2002; 70(8): 4035 - 4044. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Fox-Marsh and L. C. Harrison Emerging evidence that molecules expressed by mammalian tissue grafts are recognized by the innate immune system J. Leukoc. Biol., March 1, 2002; 71(3): 401 - 409. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. U. Mysorekar, M. A. Mulvey, S. J. Hultgren, and J. I. Gordon Molecular Regulation of Urothelial Renewal and Host Defenses during Infection with Uropathogenic Escherichia coli J. Biol. Chem., February 22, 2002; 277(9): 7412 - 7419. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Mulvey, J. D. Schilling, and S. J. Hultgren Establishment of a Persistent Escherichia coli Reservoir during the Acute Phase of a Bladder Infection Infect. Immun., July 1, 2001; 69(7): 4572 - 4579. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
