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*
Center for Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208; and
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595
Fc receptors for IgG expressed on macrophages and NK cells are
important mediators of opsonophagocytosis and Ab-dependent
cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Phagocyte-mediated opsonophagocytosis is
pivotal for protection against bacteria, but its importance in recovery
from infection with intracellular pathogens is unclear. We have now
investigated the role of opsonophagocytosis in protection against
lethal influenza virus infection by using FcR 
-/-
mice. Absence of the FcR -chain did not affect the expression
of IFN- and IL-10 in the lungs and spleens after intranasal
immunization with an influenza subunit vaccine. Titers of serum and
respiratory Abs of the IgM, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgA isotypes in FcR
-/- mice were similar to levels seen in FcR
+/+ mice. Nevertheless, FcR -/- mice
were highly susceptible to influenza infection, even in the presence of
anti-influenza Abs from immune FcR +/+ mice. NK
cells were not necessary for the observed Ab-mediated viral clearance,
but macrophages were found to be capable of actively ingesting
opsonized virus particles. We conclude that Fc receptor-mediated
phagocytosis plays a pivotal role in clearance of respiratory virus
infections.
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