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Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics,
Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, and
Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305
We examined the role of IL-18 in preventing the development of and
in reversing established allergen-induced airway inflammation and
airway hyperreactivity (AHR), the cardinal features of asthma. IL-18,
which potently induces IFN-
, was administered into the respiratory
tract as cDNA in a replication-deficient adenovirus (Adv). Treatment of
OVA-sensitized mice with the IL-18-expressing Adv reduced
allergen-specific IL-4 production, airway eosinophilia, and mucus
production, increased IFN-
production, and prevented the development
of AHR. The effects of the IL-18 Adv treatment were dependent on the
presence of IFN-
and IL-12. Moreover, administration of the IL-18
Adv to mice with established AHR greatly reduced AHR and IL-4
production and increased IFN-
production. These results demonstrate
that IL-18, when administered by Adv into the respiratory tract,
effectively reduces AHR and replaces an established Th2-biased immune
response with a Th1-biased response.
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