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by Activated Th1 Cells Occurs Via Reverse Signaling Through TNF-Related Activation-Induced Cytokine1

*
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and
Immunology Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
Growing evidence has demonstrated that members of TNF superfamily
transduce signals after engagement with their receptors. TNF-related
activation-induced cytokine (TRANCE), a member of TNF superfamily, is
preferentially expressed on the surface of activated CD4+
Th1 cells. The soluble receptor activator of NF-
B (RANK).Fc fusion
protein suppresses IFN-
secretion by activated Th1 cells, but does
not affect IL-4 secretion by Th2 cells. The suppressive effect on
IFN-
secretion is observed when Th1 cells are activated by APCs, but
not by immobilized anti-TCR
mAb. In contrast, immobilized
RANK.Fc fusion protein augments IFN-
secretion by Th1 cells,
indicating the occurrence of reverse signaling through TRANCE during T
cell/APC interaction. The enhanced secretion of IFN-
mediated via
TRANCE correlates with the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein
kinase and is blocked by SB203580, a p38 mitogen-activated protein
kinase-specific inhibitor. Thus, in addition to its role in activating
dendritic cells by binding to the receptor RANK, TRANCE itself can
signal the augmentation of IFN-
secretion via a p38-dependent
pathway, and this provides yet another example of reverse signaling by
a member of TNF superfamily.
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