| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
*
Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892-1360; and
Division of Molecular and Genetic Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
A number of pathogens induce immature dendritic cells (iDC) to
migrate to lymphoid organs where, as mature DC (mDC), they serve as
efficient APC. We hypothesized that pathogen recognition by iDC is
mediated by Toll-like receptors (TLRs), and asked which TLRs are
expressed during the progression of monocytes to mDC. We first measured
mRNA levels for TLRs 1–5 and MD2 (a protein required for TLR4
function) by Northern analysis. For most TLRs, message expression
decreased severalfold as monocytes differentiated into iDC, but
opposing this trend, TLR3 and MD2 showed marked increases during iDC
formation. When iDC were induced to mature with LPS or TNF-
,
expression of most TLRs transiently increased and then nearly
disappeared. Stimulation of iDC, but not mDC, with LPS resulted in the
activation of IL-1 receptor-associated kinase, an early component in
the TLR signaling pathway, strongly suggesting that LPS signals through
a TLR. Surface expression of TLRs 1 and 4, as measured by mAb binding,
was very low, corresponding to a few thousand molecules per cell in
monocytes, and a few hundred or less in iDC. We conclude that TLRs are
expressed in iDC and are involved in responses to at least one
pathogen-derived substance, LPS. If TLR4 is solely responsible for LPS
signaling in humans, as it is in mice, then its extremely low surface
expression implies that it is a very efficient signal transducer in
iDC.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  L. N. Henning, A. K. Azad, K. V. L. Parsa, J. E. Crowther, S. Tridandapani, and L. S. Schlesinger Pulmonary Surfactant Protein A Regulates TLR Expression and Activity in Human Macrophages J. Immunol., June 15, 2008; 180(12): 7847 - 7858. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. J. Yoon, S.-B. Jeon, I.-H. Kim, and E. J. Park Regulation of TLR2 Expression by Prostaglandins in Brain Glia J. Immunol., June 15, 2008; 180(12): 8400 - 8409. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Bas, L. Neff, M. Vuillet, U. Spenato, T. Seya, M. Matsumoto, and C. Gabay The Proinflammatory Cytokine Response to Chlamydia trachomatis Elementary Bodies in Human Macrophages Is Partly Mediated by a Lipoprotein, the Macrophage Infectivity Potentiator, through TLR2/TLR1/TLR6 and CD14 J. Immunol., January 15, 2008; 180(2): 1158 - 1168. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. P. Mollen, R. M. Levy, J. M. Prince, R. A. Hoffman, M. J. Scott, D. J. Kaczorowski, R. Vallabhaneni, Y. Vodovotz, and T. R. Billiar Systemic inflammation and end organ damage following trauma involves functional TLR4 signaling in both bone marrow-derived cells and parenchymal cells J. Leukoc. Biol., January 1, 2008; 83(1): 80 - 88. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. L. Humphreys, L. Li, X. Li, D. M. Janowicz, K. R. Fortney, Q. Zhao, W. Li, J. McClintick, B. P. Katz, D. S. Wilkes, et al. Dysregulated Immune Profiles for Skin and Dendritic Cells Are Associated with Increased Host Susceptibility to Haemophilus ducreyi Infection in Human Volunteers Infect. Immun., December 1, 2007; 75(12): 5686 - 5697. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Nisini, A. Torosantucci, G. Romagnoli, P. Chiani, S. Donati, M. C. Gagliardi, R. Teloni, V. Sargentini, S. Mariotti, E. Iorio, et al. {beta}-Glucan of Candida albicans cell wall causes the subversion of human monocyte differentiation into dendritic cells J. Leukoc. Biol., November 1, 2007; 82(5): 1136 - 1142. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. L. Morefield, L. D. Hawkins, S. T. Ishizaka, T. L. Kissner, and R. G. Ulrich Synthetic Toll-Like Receptor 4 Agonist Enhances Vaccine Efficacy in an Experimental Model of Toxic Shock Syndrome Clin. Vaccine Immunol., November 1, 2007; 14(11): 1499 - 1504. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. E. Angel, A. Lala, C.-J. J. Chen, S. G. Edgar, L. L. Ostrovsky, and P. R. Dunbar CD14+ antigen-presenting cells in human dermis are less mature than their CD1a+ counterparts Int. Immunol., November 1, 2007; 19(11): 1271 - 1279. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. M. Johnson and R. I. Tapping Microbial Products Stimulate Human Toll-like Receptor 2 Expression through Histone Modification Surrounding a Proximal NF-{kappa}B-binding Site J. Biol. Chem., October 26, 2007; 282(43): 31197 - 31205. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y.-C. Chen, E. Giovannucci, P. Kraft, R. Lazarus, and D. J. Hunter Association between Toll-Like Receptor Gene Cluster (TLR6, TLR1, and TLR10) and Prostate Cancer Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., October 1, 2007; 16(10): 1982 - 1989. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.-C. Lundell, K. Andersson, E. Josefsson, A. Steinkasserer, and A. Rudin Soluble CD14 and CD83 from Human Neonatal Antigen-Presenting Cells Are Inducible by Commensal Bacteria and Suppress Allergen-Induced Human Neonatal Th2 Differentiation Infect. Immun., August 1, 2007; 75(8): 4097 - 4104. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Debierre-Grockiego, M. A. Campos, N. Azzouz, J. Schmidt, U. Bieker, M. G. Resende, D. S. Mansur, R. Weingart, R. R. Schmidt, D. T. Golenbock, et al. Activation of TLR2 and TLR4 by Glycosylphosphatidylinositols Derived from Toxoplasma gondii J. Immunol., July 15, 2007; 179(2): 1129 - 1137. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Takenaka, E. Safroneeva, Z. Xing, and J. Gauldie Dendritic Cells Derived from Murine Colonic Mucosa Have Unique Functional and Phenotypic Characteristics J. Immunol., June 15, 2007; 178(12): 7984 - 7993. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 U. A. Hasan, C. Caux, I. Perrot, A.-C. Doffin, C. Menetrier-Caux, G. Trinchieri, M. Tommasino, and J. Vlach Cell proliferation and survival induced by Toll-like receptors is antagonized by type I IFNs PNAS, May 8, 2007; 104(19): 8047 - 8052. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Karlsson, E. Nygren, J. Karlsson, I. Nordstrom, C. Dahlgren, and K. Eriksson Ability of Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells To Secrete Oxygen Radicals in Response to Formyl Peptide Receptor Family Agonists Compared to That of Myeloid and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Clin. Vaccine Immunol., March 1, 2007; 14(3): 328 - 330. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Fernandez, D. R. Palmer, M. Simmons, P. Sun, J. Bisbing, S. McClain, S. Mani, T. Burgess, V. Gunther, and W. Sun Potential Role for Toll-Like Receptor 4 in Mediating Escherichia coli Maltose-Binding Protein Activation of Dendritic Cells Infect. Immun., March 1, 2007; 75(3): 1359 - 1363. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Bartz, N. M. Avalos, A. Baetz, K. Heeg, and A. H. Dalpke Involvement of suppressors of cytokine signaling in toll-like receptor-mediated block of dendritic cell differentiation Blood, December 15, 2006; 108(13): 4102 - 4108. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Yadav, D. J. Zammit, L. Lefrancois, and A. T. Vella Effects of LPS-mediated bystander activation in the innate immune system J. Leukoc. Biol., December 1, 2006; 80(6): 1251 - 1261. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Bachleitner-Hofmann, M. Strohschneider, P. Krieger, M. Sachet, P. Dubsky, H. Hayden, S. F. Schoppmann, R. Pfragner, M. Gnant, J. Friedl, et al. Heat Shock Treatment of Tumor Lysate-Pulsed Dendritic Cells Enhances Their Capacity to Elicit Antitumor T Cell Responses against Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2006; 91(11): 4571 - 4577. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. J. Poloso, L. K. Denzin, and P. A. Roche CDw78 Defines MHC Class II-Peptide Complexes That Require Ii Chain-Dependent Lysosomal Trafficking, Not Localization to a Specific Tetraspanin Membrane Microdomain J. Immunol., October 15, 2006; 177(8): 5451 - 5458. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. E. Morris, L. C. Parker, J. R. Ward, E. C. Jones, M. K. B. Whyte, C. E. Brightling, P. Bradding, S. K. Dower, and I. Sabroe Cooperative molecular and cellular networks regulate Toll-like receptor-dependent inflammatory responses FASEB J, October 1, 2006; 20(12): 2153 - 2155. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. K. Demedts, K. R. Bracke, T. Maes, G. F. Joos, and G. G. Brusselle Different Roles for Human Lung Dendritic Cell Subsets in Pulmonary Immune Defense Mechanisms Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., September 1, 2006; 35(3): 387 - 393. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. K. Bell, J. Askins, P. R. Hall, D. R. Davies, and D. M. Segal The dsRNA binding site of human Toll-like receptor 3 PNAS, June 6, 2006; 103(23): 8792 - 8797. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Ciencewicki, L. Brighton, W.-D. Wu, M. Madden, and I. Jaspers Diesel exhaust enhances virus- and poly(I:C)-induced Toll-like receptor 3 expression and signaling in respiratory epithelial cells Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, June 1, 2006; 290(6): L1154 - L1163. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Jou, J. H. Lee, S. Y. Park, H. J. Yoon, E.-H. Joe, and E. J. Park Gangliosides Trigger Inflammatory Responses via TLR4 in Brain Glia Am. J. Pathol., May 1, 2006; 168(5): 1619 - 1630. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Fan, Y. Li, Y. Vodovotz, T. R. Billiar, and M. A. Wilson Hemorrhagic shock-activated neutrophils augment TLR4 signaling-induced TLR2 upregulation in alveolar macrophages: role in hemorrhage-primed lung inflammation Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, April 1, 2006; 290(4): L738 - L746. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. D. Johnson and M. Fleshner Releasing signals, secretory pathways, and immune function of endogenous extracellular heat shock protein 72 J. Leukoc. Biol., March 1, 2006; 79(3): 425 - 434. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. H. Durand, V. Flacher, A. Romeas, F. Carrouel, E. Colomb, C. Vincent, H. Magloire, M.-L. Couble, F. Bleicher, M.-J. Staquet, et al. Lipoteichoic Acid Increases TLR and Functional Chemokine Expression while Reducing Dentin Formation in In Vitro Differentiated Human Odontoblasts. J. Immunol., March 1, 2006; 176(5): 2880 - 2887. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F.C. Gibson III, H. Yumoto, Y. Takahashi, H.-H. Chou, and C.A. Genco Innate Immune Signaling and Porphyromonas gingivalis-accelerated Atherosclerosis J. Dent. Res., February 1, 2006; 85(2): 106 - 121. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Wornle, H. Schmid, B. Banas, M. Merkle, A. Henger, M. Roeder, S. Blattner, E. Bock, M. Kretzler, H.-J. Grone, et al. Novel Role of Toll-Like Receptor 3 in Hepatitis C-Associated Glomerulonephritis Am. J. Pathol., February 1, 2006; 168(2): 370 - 385. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Yamagami, N. Ebihara, T. Usui, S. Yokoo, and S. Amano Bone Marrow-Derived Cells in Normal Human Corneal Stroma Arch Ophthalmol, January 1, 2006; 124(1): 62 - 69. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Yasutomi, Y. Ohshima, N. Omata, A. Yamada, H. Iwasaki, Y. Urasaki, and M. Mayumi Erythromycin Differentially Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide- or Poly(I:C)-Induced but Not Peptidoglycan-Induced Activation of Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells J. Immunol., December 15, 2005; 175(12): 8069 - 8076. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Meyer, E. van Liempt, A. Imberty, Y. van Kooyk, H. Geyer, R. Geyer, and I. van Die DC-SIGN Mediates Binding of Dendritic Cells to Authentic Pseudo-LewisY Glycolipids of Schistosoma mansoni Cercariae, the First Parasite-specific Ligand of DC-SIGN J. Biol. Chem., November 11, 2005; 280(45): 37349 - 37359. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Mikami, H. Gu, H. Jono, A. Andalibi, H. Kai, and J.-D. Li Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Acts as a Negative Regulator for Bacterium Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae-induced Toll-like Receptor 2 Expression via an Src-dependent p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway J. Biol. Chem., October 28, 2005; 280(43): 36185 - 36194. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. S. Jack, N. Arbour, J. Manusow, V. Montgrain, M. Blain, E. McCrea, A. Shapiro, and J. P. Antel TLR Signaling Tailors Innate Immune Responses in Human Microglia and Astrocytes J. Immunol., October 1, 2005; 175(7): 4320 - 4330. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Andonegui, S. M. Kerfoot, K. McNagny, K. V. J. Ebbert, K. D. Patel, and P. Kubes Platelets express functional Toll-like receptor-4 Blood, October 1, 2005; 106(7): 2417 - 2423. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 X. Yang, D. Coriolan, V. Murthy, K. Schultz, D. T. Golenbock, and D. Beasley Proinflammatory phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells: role of efficient Toll-like receptor 4 signaling Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 2005; 289(3): H1069 - H1076. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.-L. Hahn, H. A. Schenkein, and J. G. Tew Endocarditis-Associated Oral Streptococci Promote Rapid Differentiation of Monocytes into Mature Dendritic Cells Infect. Immun., August 1, 2005; 73(8): 5015 - 5021. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. M. Hart, V. Athie-Morales, G. M. O'Connor, and C. M. Gardiner TLR7/8-Mediated Activation of Human NK Cells Results in Accessory Cell-Dependent IFN-{gamma} Production J. Immunol., August 1, 2005; 175(3): 1636 - 1642. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. Orinska, E. Bulanova, V. Budagian, M. Metz, M. Maurer, and S. Bulfone-Paus TLR3-induced activation of mast cells modulates CD8+ T-cell recruitment Blood, August 1, 2005; 106(3): 978 - 987. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Fournier and D. J. Philpott Recognition of Staphylococcus aureus by the Innate Immune System Clin. Microbiol. Rev., July 1, 2005; 18(3): 521 - 540. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Y. Jung, H. Lee, B.-Y. Jung, J. Ock, M.-S. Lee, W.-H. Lee, and K. Suk TLR4, but Not TLR2, Signals Autoregulatory Apoptosis of Cultured Microglia: A Critical Role of IFN-{beta} as a Decision Maker J. Immunol., May 15, 2005; 174(10): 6467 - 6476. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. E. Morris, M. K. B. Whyte, G. F. Martin, P. J. Jose, S. K. Dower, and I. Sabroe Agonists of Toll-like Receptors 2 and 4 Activate Airway Smooth Muscle via Mononuclear Leukocytes Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., April 15, 2005; 171(8): 814 - 822. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Iizasa, H. Yoneyama, N. Mukaida, Y. Katakoka, M. Naito, N. Yoshida, E. Nakashima, and K. Matsushima Exacerbation of Granuloma Formation in IL-1 Receptor Antagonist-Deficient Mice with Impaired Dendritic Cell Maturation Associated with Th2 Cytokine Production J. Immunol., March 15, 2005; 174(6): 3273 - 3280. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Tunheim, K. W. Schjetne, A. B. Fredriksen, I. Sandlie, and B. Bogen Human CD14 is an efficient target for recombinant immunoglobulin vaccine constructs that deliver T cell epitopes J. Leukoc. Biol., March 1, 2005; 77(3): 303 - 310. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Nakao, K. Funami, S. Kikkawa, M. Taniguchi, M. Nishiguchi, Y. Fukumori, T. Seya, and M. Matsumoto Surface-Expressed TLR6 Participates in the Recognition of Diacylated Lipopeptide and Peptidoglycan in Human Cells J. Immunol., February 1, 2005; 174(3): 1566 - 1573. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. R. Schurr, E. Young, P. Byrne, C. Steele, J. E. Shellito, and J. K. Kolls Central Role of Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling and Host Defense in Experimental Pneumonia Caused by Gram-Negative Bacteria Infect. Immun., January 1, 2005; 73(1): 532 - 545. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Nakahara, H. Uchi, K. Urabe, Q. Chen, M. Furue, and Y. Moroi Role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase on lipopolysaccharide induced maturation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells Int. Immunol., December 1, 2004; 16(12): 1701 - 1709. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. A. Pioli, E. Amiel, T. M. Schaefer, J. E. Connolly, C. R. Wira, and P. M. Guyre Differential Expression of Toll-Like Receptors 2 and 4 in Tissues of the Human Female Reproductive Tract Infect. Immun., October 1, 2004; 72(10): 5799 - 5806. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. A. Tavener, E. M. Long, S. M. Robbins, K. M. McRae, H. Van Remmen, and P. Kubes Immune Cell Toll-Like Receptor 4 Is Required for Cardiac Myocyte Impairment During Endotoxemia Circ. Res., October 1, 2004; 95(7): 700 - 707. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. K. Olson and S. D. Miller Microglia Initiate Central Nervous System Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses through Multiple TLRs J. Immunol., September 15, 2004; 173(6): 3916 - 3924. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. N. Kennedy, G. E. D. Mullen, C. A. Leifer, C. Lee, A. Mazzoni, K. N. Dileepan, and D. M. Segal A Complex of Soluble MD-2 and Lipopolysaccharide Serves as an Activating Ligand for Toll-like Receptor 4 J. Biol. Chem., August 13, 2004; 279(33): 34698 - 34704. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Dai, N. J. Megjugorac, S. B. Amrute, and P. Fitzgerald-Bocarsly Regulation of IFN Regulatory Factor-7 and IFN-{alpha} Production by Enveloped Virus and Lipopolysaccharide in Human Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells J. Immunol., August 1, 2004; 173(3): 1535 - 1548. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Fleshner and M. L. Laudenslager Psychoneuroimmunology: Then and Now Behav Cogn Neurosci Rev, June 1, 2004; 3(2): 114 - 130. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Karlsson, P. Larsson, A. E. Wold, and A. Rudin Pattern of Cytokine Responses to Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Commensal Bacteria Is Profoundly Changed when Monocytes Differentiate into Dendritic Cells Infect. Immun., May 1, 2004; 72(5): 2671 - 2678. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Mazzoni and D. M. Segal Controlling the Toll road to dendritic cell polarization J. Leukoc. Biol., May 1, 2004; 75(5): 721 - 730. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. C. Parker, M. K. B. Whyte, S. N. Vogel, S. K. Dower, and I. Sabroe Toll-Like Receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4 Agonists Regulate CCR Expression in Human Monocytic Cells J. Immunol., April 15, 2004; 172(8): 4977 - 4986. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. S. Weiss, B. Raupach, K. Takeda, S. Akira, and A. Zychlinsky Toll-Like Receptors Are Temporally Involved in Host Defense J. Immunol., April 1, 2004; 172(7): 4463 - 4469. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Kariko, H. Ni, J. Capodici, M. Lamphier, and D. Weissman mRNA Is an Endogenous Ligand for Toll-like Receptor 3 J. Biol. Chem., March 26, 2004; 279(13): 12542 - 12550. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Torosantucci, G. Romagnoli, P. Chiani, A. Stringaro, P. Crateri, S. Mariotti, R. Teloni, G. Arancia, A. Cassone, and R. Nisini Candida albicans Yeast and Germ Tube Forms Interfere Differently with Human Monocyte Differentiation into Dendritic Cells: a Novel Dimorphism-Dependent Mechanism To Escape the Host's Immune Response Infect. Immun., February 1, 2004; 72(2): 833 - 843. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
