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Microbiology and Tumor Biology Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Both innate and adaptive immune responses play an important role in
the recovery of the host from viral infections. In the present report,
a subset of cells coexpressing CD8 and NKR-P1C (NK1.1) was found in the
lungs of mice infected with influenza A virus. These cells were
detected at low numbers in the lungs of uninfected mice, but
represented up to 10% of the total CD8+ T cell population
at day 10 postinfection. Almost all of the
CD8+NK1.1+ cells were
CD8
ß+CD3+TCRß+ and a
proportion of these cells also expressed the NK cell-associated Ly49
receptors. Interestingly, up to 30% of these cells were virus-specific
T cells as determined by MHC class I tetramer staining and by
intracellular staining of IFN-
after viral peptide stimulation.
Moreover, these cells were distinct from conventional NKT cells as they
were also found at increased numbers in influenza-infected
CD1-/- mice. These results demonstrate that a significant
proportion of CD8+ T cells acquire NK1.1 and other NK
cell-associated molecules, and suggests that these receptors may
possibly regulate CD8+ T cell effector functions during
viral infection.
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