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The Journal of Immunology, 2000, 165: 4927-4934.
Copyright © 2000 by The American Association of Immunologists

IFN-{alpha} Suppresses Activation of Nuclear Transcription Factors NF-{kappa}B and Activator Protein 1 and Potentiates TNF-Induced Apoptosis1

Sunil K. Manna, Asok Mukhopadhyay and Bharat B. Aggarwal2

Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Bioimmunotherapy, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030

We and others have reported that IFN-{alpha} potentiates the apoptotic effects of TNF through a mechanism that is not understood. Because the nuclear transcription factors NF-{kappa}B and AP-1 have recently been reported to mediate anti-apoptosis and cell survival, we hypothesized that IFN-{alpha} potentiates the cytotoxic effects of TNF by suppressing TNF-induced activation of NF-{kappa}B and AP-1. We tested this hypothesis by pretreating human Jurkat T cells with IFN-{alpha}, which blocked TNF-induced activation of NF-{kappa}B and AP-1 in a time- and dose-dependent manner as determined by EMSA. IFN-{alpha} blocked TNF-induced phosphorylation and degradation of the inhibitor subunit of NF-{kappa}B, and suppressed NF-{kappa}B and AP-1 activation induced by various other inflammatory stimuli. NF-{kappa}B-dependent reporter gene expression activated by TNF, TNFR1, TNF receptor-associated factor 2, and NF-{kappa}B-inducing kinase was also abrogated by IFN-{alpha} pretreatment. The suppression of NF-{kappa}B and AP-1 correlated with the potentiation of TNF-induced cytotoxicity and caspase activation. Overall our results suggest that IFN-{alpha} potentiates the apoptotic effects of TNF possibly by suppressing NF-{kappa}B and AP-1 activation.




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