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1
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Aberdeen Medical School, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells form part of the
blood-retina barrier and have recently been shown to produce various
chemokines in response to proinflammatory cytokines. As the scope of
chemokine action has been shown to extend beyond the regulation of
leukocyte migration, we have investigated the expression of chemokine
receptors on RPE cells to determine whether they could be a target for
chemokine signaling. RT-PCR analysis indicated that the predominant
receptor expressed on RPE cells was CXCR4. The level of CXCR4 mRNA
expression, but not cell surface expression, increased on stimulation
with IL-1ß or TNF-
. CXCR4 protein could be detected on the surface
of 16% of the RPE cells using flow cytometry. Calcium mobilization in
response to the CXCR4 ligand stromal cell-derived factor 1
(SDF-1) indicated that the CXCR4 receptors were functional.
Incubation with SDF-1 resulted in secretion of monocyte
chemoattractant protein-1, IL-8, and growth-related oncogene . RPE
cells also migrated in response to SDF-1. As SDF-1 expression by
RPE cells was detected constitutively, we postulate that SDF-1–CXCR4
interactions may modulate the affects of chronic inflammation and
subretinal neovascularization at the RPE site of the blood-retina
barrier.
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