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*
Microbiology and Tumor Biology Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232; and
Department of Molecular Immunology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
NKT cells express both NK cell-associated markers and TCR.
Classically, these NK1.1+TCR
ß+ cells have
been described as being either CD4+CD8- or
CD4-CD8-. Most NKT cells interact with the
nonclassical MHC class I molecule CD1 through a largely invariant
V14-J281 TCR chain in conjunction with either a Vß2, -7, or -8
TCR chain. In the present study, we describe the presence of
significant numbers of NK1.1+TCRß+ cells
within lymphokine-activated killer cell cultures from wild-type
C57BL/6, CD1d1-/-, and J281-/- mice that
lack classical NKT cells. Unlike classical NKT cells, 50–60% of these
NK1.1+TCRß+ cells express CD8 and have a
diverse TCR Vß repertoire. Purified
NK1.1-CD8+ T cells from the spleens of B6
mice, upon stimulation with IL-2, IL-4, or IL-15 in vitro, rapidly
acquire surface expression of NK1.1. Many
NK1.1+CD8+ T cells had also acquired expression
of Ly-49 receptors and other NK cell-associated molecules. The
acquisition of NK1.1 expression on CD8+ T cells was a
particular property of the IL-2Rß+ subpopulation of the
CD8+ T cells. Efficient NK1.1 expression on
CD8+ T cells required Lck but not Fyn. The induction of
NK1.1 on CD8+ T cells was not just an in vitro phenomenon
as we observed a 5-fold increase of NK1.1+CD8+
T cells in the lungs of influenza virus-infected mice. These data
suggest that CD8+ T cells can acquire NK1.1 and other NK
cell-associated molecules upon appropriate stimulation in vitro and in
vivo.
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