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*
Department of Dermatology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany;
Department of Dermatology, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany;
Department of Dermatology, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany;
§
Molecular Immunology Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Dendritic cell (DC) vaccination, albeit still in an early stage, is
a promising strategy to induce immunity to cancer. We explored whether
DC can expand Ag-specific CD8+ T cells even in far-advanced
stage IV melanoma patients. We found that three to five biweekly
vaccinations of mature, monocyte-derived DC (three vaccinations of
6 x 106 s.c. followed by two i.v. ones of 6 and
12 x 106, respectively) pulsed with Mage-3A2.1 tumor
and influenza matrix A2.1-positive control peptides as well as the
recall Ag tetanus toxoid (in three of eight patients) generated in all
eight patients Ag-specific effector CD8+ T cells that were
detectable in blood directly ex vivo. This is the first time that
active, melanoma peptide-specific, IFN-
-producing, effector
CD8+ T cells have been reliably observed in patients
vaccinated with melanoma Ags. Therefore, our DC vaccination strategy
performs an adjuvant role and encourages further optimization of this
new immunization approach.
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