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Institute for Gene Therapy and Molecular Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029
Activation of T cells is a necessary step in the development of a
specific antitumor immune response. In the present study, we evaluated
the ability of Gr-1+ myeloid cells, derived from the bone
marrow or spleen of tumor-bearing mice, to inhibit CD3/CD28-mediated T
cell activation. Using flow cytometry, we found that growth of a murine
colon carcinoma (MCA-26) induces a significant increase in the number
of Gr-1+ and Gr-1+/Mac-1+ myeloid
cells in both bone marrow and spleen of the tumor host. The
proliferative response of T cells was dramatically decreased when naive
T cells were activated by anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 Abs in the
presence of a myeloid-enriched cell fraction derived from spleen or
bone marrow of tumor-bearing mice vs the bone marrow of naive mice.
Reversal of the inhibitory effect could be achieved by adding a
combination of MnTBAP (manganese [III] tetrakis [4-benzoic acid])
porphyrin and L-NMMA
(NG-monomethyl-L-arginine), a
superoxide dismutase mimetic and inducible NO synthase inhibitor,
respectively, or by depletion of the Gr-1-positive cells. IFN-
,
which is endogenously produced by CD3/CD28-stimulated naive T cells, is
involved in induction of the inhibitory activity of myeloid cells.
Importantly, when T cells pre-activated with anti-CD3 Abs were used
as responder cells, the bone marrow- or spleen-derived
Gr-1+ myeloid cells were unable to suppress
CD3/CD28-induced T cell proliferation. Our findings suggest that one
mechanism by which an increased number of immune suppressive
Gr-1+ cells can induce T cell unresponsiveness or immune
tolerance in tumor hosts could be through peroxynitrite production upon
primary T cell activation.
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