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-Independent Proinflammatory Role of IL-18 in Murine Streptococcal Cell Wall Arthritis



*
Rheumatology Research Laboratory and
Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center St. Radboud, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; and
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80261
IL-18 is a member of the IL-1 family of proteins that exerts
proinflammatory effects. It was formally known as IFN-
-inducing
factor and is a pivotal cytokine for the development of Th1 responses.
Apart from Th1 immune-stimulatory activity, IL-18 induces the
production of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-
and IL-1 in
vitro. The goal was to investigate the role of endogenous IL-18 in
murine streptococcal cell wall (SCW)-induced arthritis. Furthermore, we
investigated whether IL-18 neutralization had an impact on local TNF
and IL-1 production. C57BL/6, BALB/c, and IFN-
-deficient mice were
injected with 2 mg of rabbit anti-murine IL-18 Abs shortly before
induction of arthritis by intra-articular injection of 25 µg of SCW
fragments into the right knee joint. Suppression of joint swelling was
noted on days 1 and 2 of SCW arthritis after blockade of endogenous
IL-18. Analysis of local cytokine concentrations showed that IL-18,
TNF-
, and IL-1
levels were decreased. Severe inhibition of
chondrocyte proteoglycan synthesis was seen in the vehicle-treated
control animals, whereas a reversal of the inhibition of chondrocyte
proteoglycan synthesis was found in the anti-IL-18-exposed animals.
Blockade of endogenous IL-18 in IFN-
-deficient mice showed results
similar to those found in wild-type animals, identifying a role for
IL-18 that is IFN-
independent. The present study indicates that
IL-18 is a proinflammatory cytokine during the onset of murine SCW
arthritis, and this inflammatory role of IL-18 is IFN-
independent.
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