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*
Division of Molecular Infection Biology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany;
Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; and
Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Genetically susceptible, TNFRp55 gene-deficient
(TNFRp55-/-) mice succumb to infection with
Mycobacterium avium. Before their death, M.
avium-infected TNFRp55-/- mice
develop granulomatous lesions that, in contrast to granulomas in
wild-type syngeneic mice, undergo acute disintegration. To determine
the factors involved in these events, we depleted T cell subsets
or neutralized the inflammatory cytokines IFN-
, IL-12, or TNF
in TNFRp55-/- mice infected i.v. with
M. avium. Infected TNFRp55-/-
mice treated with a control mAb became moribund between days 26 and 34
postinfection, showing widespread inflammatory cell apoptosis within
disintegrating granulomas. In contrast,
TNFRp55-/- mice depleted of either
CD4+ or CD8+ cells after granuloma initiation
stayed healthy until at least day 38 postinfection and showed no signs
of granuloma destruction. Neutralization of IL-12, but not of IFN-
or TNF, also protected M. avium-infected
TNFRp55-/- mice from granuloma decomposition
and from premature death. Treatment with dexamethasone or with a
specific inhibitor of inducible NO synthase did not prevent granuloma
dissolution or death of TNFRp55-/- mice. In
conclusion, granuloma disintegration in
TNFRp55-/- mice is a lethal event that is
dependent on IL-12 and that is mediated by an excess of T
cells.
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