HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Glass, E. J. Articles by Russell, G. C. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Glass, E. J. Articles by Russell, G. C.

Duplicated DQ Haplotypes Increase the Complexity of Restriction Element Usage in Cattle¹

Division of Molecular Biology, Roslin Institute, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom

The MHC of cattle encodes two distinct isotypes of class II molecules, DR and DQ. Unlike humans, cattle lack the DP locus and about half the common haplotypes express duplicated DQ genes. The number and frequency of DQA and DQB alleles means that most cattle are heterozygous. If inter- and/or intrahaplotype pairing of DQA and DQB molecules occurs, cattle carrying DQ-duplicated haplotypes may express more restriction elements than would be predicted by the number of expressed alleles. We are investigating whether duplicated haplotypes cause differences in immune response, particularly in terms of generating protective immunity. We have analyzed the Ag-presenting function of DQ molecules in two heterozygous animals, one of which carries a duplicated haplotype. We compared the class II isotype specificity of T cell clones recognizing a putative vaccinal peptide from foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV15). We show for the first time that bovine T cells can recognize Ag in the context of DQ molecules. We also present evidence that interhaplotype pairings of DQA and DQB molecules form functional restriction elements. Both animals showed distinct biases to usage of particular restriction elements. Mainly DQ-restricted clones were derived from the animal with duplicated DQ genes, whereas the majority of clones from the animal with a single DQ gene pair were DR restricted. Furthermore, haplotype bias was observed with both animals. These experiments show that understanding of class II chain pairing in addition to knowledge of the genotype may be important in vaccine design where effective epitope selection is essential.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				W. Gerner, S. E. Hammer, K.-H. Wiesmuller, and A. Saalmuller Identification of Major Histocompatibility Complex Restriction and Anchor Residues of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus-Derived Bovine T-Cell Epitopes J. Virol., May 1, 2009; 83(9): 4039 - 4050. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. J. Young, J. A. Woolliams, J. L. Williams, E. J. Glass, R. G. O'Neill, and J. L. Fitzpatrick In Vitro Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Proliferation in a Crossbred Cattle Population J Dairy Sci, July 1, 2005; 88(7): 2643 - 2651. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Yang, J. Yan, K. Zhou, and F. Wei Sequence Variation and Gene Duplication at MHC DQB Loci of Baiji (Lipotes vexillifer), a Chinese River Dolphin J. Hered., July 1, 2005; 96(4): 310 - 317. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. G. H. Hickford, H. Zhou, S. Slow, and Q. Fang Diversity of the ovine DQA2 gene J Anim Sci, June 1, 2004; 82(6): 1553 - 1563. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Norimine, J. Mosqueda, G. H. Palmer, H. A. Lewin, and W. C. Brown Conservation of Babesia bovis Small Heat Shock Protein (Hsp20) among Strains and Definition of T Helper Cell Epitopes Recognized by Cattle with Diverse Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Haplotypes Infect. Immun., February 1, 2004; 72(2): 1096 - 1106. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Zhou and J. G. H. Hickford Allelic polymorphism in the ovine DQA1 gene J Anim Sci, January 1, 2004; 82(1): 8 - 16. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Vordermeier, A. O. Whelan, and R. G. Hewinson Recognition of Mycobacterial Epitopes by T Cells across Mammalian Species and Use of a Program That Predicts Human HLA-DR Binding Peptides To Predict Bovine Epitopes Infect. Immun., April 1, 2003; 71(4): 1980 - 1987. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				W. C. Brown, T. C. McGuire, W. Mwangi, K. A. Kegerreis, H. Macmillan, H. A. Lewin, and G. H. Palmer Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II DR-Restricted Memory CD4+ T Lymphocytes Recognize Conserved Immunodominant Epitopes of Anaplasma marginale Major Surface Protein 1a Infect. Immun., October 1, 2002; 70(10): 5521 - 5532. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. C. Brown, T. C. McGuire, D. Zhu, H. A. Lewin, J. Sosnow, and G. H. Palmer Highly Conserved Regions of the Immunodominant Major Surface Protein 2 of the Genogroup II Ehrlichial Pathogen Anaplasma marginale Are Rich in Naturally Derived CD4+ T Lymphocyte Epitopes that Elicit Strong Recall Responses J. Immunol., January 15, 2001; 166(2): 1114 - 1124. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]