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The Journal of Immunology, 2000, 164: 4433-4442.
Copyright © 2000 by The American Association of Immunologists

Blockade of T Cell Activation Using a Surface-Linked Single-Chain Antibody to CTLA-4 (CD152)1

Matthew D. Griffin*,{dagger},{ddagger}, David K. Hong*,{dagger}, Philmore O. Holman§, Kyung-Mi Lee*,{dagger}, Matthew J. Whitters, Sean M. O’Herrin*,{dagger}, Francesca Fallarino{dagger}, Mary Collins, David M. Segal||, Thomas F. Gajewski{dagger}, David M. Kranz§ and Jeffrey A. Bluestone2,*,{dagger}

* The Ben May Institute for Cancer Research and {dagger} Department of Pathology and Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637; {ddagger} Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905; § Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801; Genetics Institute, Cambridge, MA 02140; and || National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892

CTLA-4 (CD152) engagement can down-regulate T cell activation and promote the induction of immune tolerance. However, the strategy of attenuating T cell activation by engaging CTLA-4 has been limited by sharing of its natural ligands with the costimulatory protein CD28. In the present study, a CTLA-4-specific single-chain Ab (scFv) was developed and expressed on the cell surface to promote selective engagement of this regulatory molecule. Transfectants expressing anti-CTLA-4 scFv at their surface bound soluble CTLA-4 but not soluble CD28. Coexpression of anti-CTLA-4 scFv with anti-CD3{epsilon} and anti-CD28 scFvs on artificial APCs reduced the proliferation and IL-2 production by resting and preactivated bulk T cells as well as CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets. Importantly, expression of anti-CTLA-4 scFv on the same cell surface as the TCR ligand was essential for the inhibitory effects of CTLA-4-specific ligation. CTLA-4-mediated inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of components of the proximal TCR signaling apparatus was similarly dependent on coexpression of TCR and CTLA-4 ligands on the same surface. These findings support a predominant role for CTLA-4 function in the modification of the proximal TCR signal. Using T cells from DO11.10 and 2C TCR transgenic mice, negative regulatory effects of selective CTLA-4 ligation were also demonstrated during the stimulation of Ag-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells by MHC/peptide complexes. Together these studies demonstrate that selective ligation of CTLA-4 using a membrane-bound scFv results in attenuated T cell responses only when coengaged with the TCR during T cell/APC interaction and define an approach to harnessing the immunomodulatory potential of CTLA-4-specific ligation.




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