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Caspase Enzyme Activity Is Not Essential for Apoptosis During Thymocyte Development¹

Petra Doerfler^2,*, Katherine A. Forbush and Roger M. Perlmutter^*

^* Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ 07065; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195

Caspases, a family of cysteine proteases, are critical mediators of apoptosis. To address the importance of caspases in thymocyte development, we have generated transgenic mice that express the baculovirus protein p35, a viral caspase inhibitor, specifically in the thymus. p35 expression inhibited Fas (CD95)-, CD3-, or peptide-induced caspase activity in vitro and conferred resistance to Fas-induced apoptosis. However, p35 did not block specific peptide-induced negative selection in OT1 and HY TCR transgenic mouse models. Even the potent pharmacological caspase inhibitor zVAD-FMK (benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethyl-ketone) could not prevent peptide-induced deletion of OT1 thymocytes, although it improved basal thymocyte survival in vitro. Moreover, the developmental block observed in rag1^-/- thymocytes, which lack pre-TCR signaling, was also not rescued by p35 expression. These results indicate that caspase-independent signal transduction pathways can mediate thymocyte death during normal T cell development.

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