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In Vitro Priming with Adenovirus/gp100 Antigen-Transduced Dendritic Cells Reveals the Epitope Specificity of HLA-A*0201-Restricted CD8⁺ T Cells in Patients with Melanoma¹

Gerald P. Linette^2,*, Srinivas Shankara, Simonne Longerich^*, Sixun Yang^*, Rhonda Doll, Charles Nicolette, Frederic I. Preffer, Bruce L. Roberts and Frank G. Haluska^2,*

^* Hematology-Oncology Unit and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114; and Genzyme Molecular Oncology, Framingham, MA 01701

Replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus (Ad) encoding human gp100 or MART-1 melanoma Ag was used to transduce human dendritic cells (DC) ex vivo as a model system for cancer vaccine therapy. A second generation E1/E4 region deleted Ad which harbors the CMV immediate-early promoter/enhancer and a unique E4-ORF6/pIX chimeric gene was employed as the backbone vector. We demonstrate that human monocyte-derived DC are permissive to Ad infection at multiplicity of infection between 100 and 500 and occurs independent of the coxsackie Ad receptor. Fluorescent-labeled Ad was used to assess the kinetics and distribution of viral vector within DC. Ad-transduced DC show peak transgene expression at 24–48 h and expression remains detectable for at least 7 days. DC transduced with replication-deficient Ad do not exhibit any unusual phenotypic characteristics or cytopathic effects. DC transduced with Ad2/gp100v2 can elicit tumor-specific CTL in vitro from patients bearing gp100⁺ metastatic melanoma. Using a panel of gp100-derived synthetic peptides, we show that Ad2/gp100v2-transduced DC elicit Ag-specific CTL that recognize only the G209 and G280 epitopes, both of which display relatively short half-lives (7–8 h) on the surface of HLA-A*0201⁺ cells. Thus, patients with metastatic melanoma are not tolerant to gp100 Ag based on the detection of CD8⁺ T cells specific for multiple HLA-A*0201-restricted, gp100-derived epitopes.