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*
Laboratory of Immunovirology, Pediatric Research Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Montreal and Ste.-Justine Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;
Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Denver, CO;
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; and
§
Divisions of Experimental Oncology, and Medical Oncology and AIDS, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano (PN), Italy
Anti-latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) is an EBV-encoded type III
integral membrane protein with oncogenic potential that is expressed
most consistently in various EBV-associated malignancies. Unlike many
other EBV proteins, LMP-1 Abs have rarely been demonstrated in
EBV-associated disease conditions. We established a high level
LMP-1-expressing cell clone and used it for the detection,
quantitation, and characterization of these Abs in various human sera
in immunoblots and ELISA. Our results demonstrate that, in contrast to
the commonly held notion, LMP-1 induces significant humoral immune
responses in EBV-associated malignant conditions especially in
nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients in whom >70% sera are
positive for these Abs, and their titers correlate with the clinical
condition of the tumors. Interestingly, anti-LMP-1 Abs of IgA
isotype were found only in NPC patients. These Abs were absent from the
sera of infectious mononucleosis and chronic EBV infection patients,
whereas a small fraction (
5%) of the healthy, EBV-seropositive
individuals were positive for them; however, their OD values were much
lower than those of NPC patients. These studies demonstrate, for the
first time, the potential significance of LMP-1-specific Abs for the
diagnosis and prognosis of EBV-associated malignancies, especially of
NPC.
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