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*
Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston MA 02118; and
Department of Medicine, Brigham and Womens Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
Human alveolar macrophages (AM
) undergo apoptosis following
infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro.
Apoptosis of cells infected with intracellular pathogens may benefit
the host by eliminating a supportive environment for bacterial growth.
The present study compared AM
apoptosis following infection by
M. tuberculosis complex strains of differing virulence
and by Mycobacterium kansasii. Avirulent or attenuated
bacilli (M. tuberculosis H37Ra, Mycobacterium
bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin, and M.
kansasii) induced significantly more AM
apoptosis than
virulent strains (M. tuberculosis H37Rv, Erdman,
M. tuberculosis clinical isolate BMC 96.1, and M.
bovis wild type). Increased apoptosis was not due to greater
intracellular bacterial replication because virulent strains grew more
rapidly in AM
than attenuated strains despite causing less
apoptosis. These findings suggest the existence of mycobacterial
virulence determinants that modulate the apoptotic response of AM
to
intracellular infection and support the hypothesis that macrophage
apoptosis contributes to innate host defense in
tuberculosis.
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