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Blocking the Common -Chain of Cytokine Receptors Induces T Cell Apoptosis and Long-Term Islet Allograft Survival¹

Xian Chang Li^2,*, Azine Ima^*, Yongsheng Li^*, Xin Xiao Zheng^*, Thomas R. Malek and Terry B. Strom^*

^* Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33101

The common c-chain is an essential signaling component shared by all known T cell growth factor (TCGF) receptors (i.e., IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, and IL-15). In the present study, we have studied the effect of c-chain blockade on T cell activation and allograft rejection. Treatment of B6AF₁ (H-2^b/d.k) recipient mice with anti-c mAbs induced long-term survival of DBA/2 (H-2^d) islet allografts (>150 days, n = 8), whereas control Ab-treated mice rejected the islet allografts within 17 days (n = 6). The state of engraftment induced by the anti-c mAbs was remarkably stable, as recipient mice bearing the primary islet allografts accepted a second DBA/2 islet allograft without further immunosuppression and systemic administration of high doses of IL-2Ig fusion protein failed to provoke rejection. Blocking the c-chain inhibited T cell proliferation and induced T cell apoptosis by repressing expression of Bcl-2. Our data suggest that one means of inducing T cell apoptosis and stable allograft survival can be achieved via c-chain blockade.

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