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*
The Edward Jenner Institute for Vaccine Research, Compton, Berkshire, United Kingdom;
Department of Immunology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; and
Department of Immunology, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
Although exogeneous "danger" signals such as LPS can activate
APC to produce a Th1 response, the nature of events initiating a Th2
response is controversial. We now show that pathogen-derived products
have the capacity to induce bone marrow-derived dendritic cell cultures
to acquire a phenotype that promotes the differentiation of naive
CD4+ T cells toward either a Th1 or Th2 phenotype. Thus,
LPS-matured dendritic cells (DC1) promote a Th1 response (increased
generation of IFN-
and reduced production of IL-4) by Ag-stimulated
CD4+ T cells from the DO.11.10 transgenic mouse expressing
a TCR specific for an OVA peptide (OVA323–339). In contrast, a
phosphorylcholine-containing glycoprotein, ES-62, secreted by the
filarial nematode, Acanthocheilonema viteae, which
generates a Th2 Ab response in vivo, is found to induce the maturation
of dendritic cells (DC2) with the capacity to induce Th2 responses
(increased IL-4 and decreased IFN-). In addition, we show that the
switch to either Th1 or Th2 responses is not effected by differential
regulation through CD80 or CD86 and that a Th2 response is achieved in
the presence of IL-12.
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P. J. Ross, E. C. Lavelle, K. H. G. Mills, and A. P. Boyd Adenylate Cyclase Toxin from Bordetella pertussis Synergizes with Lipopolysaccharide To Promote Innate Interleukin-10 Production and Enhances the Induction of Th2 and Regulatory T Cells Infect. Immun., March 1, 2004; 72(3): 1568 - 1579. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Miyazaki, H. Tsuda, M. Sakai, S. Hori, Y. Sasaki, T. Futatani, T. Miyawaki, and S. Saito Predominance of Th2-promoting dendritic cells in early human pregnancy decidua J. Leukoc. Biol., October 1, 2003; 74(4): 514 - 522. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Xu, G. K. Koski, M. Faries, I. Bedrosian, R. Mick, M. Maeurer, M. A. Cheever, P. A. Cohen, and B. J. Czerniecki Rapid High Efficiency Sensitization of CD8+ T Cells to Tumor Antigens by Dendritic Cells Leads to Enhanced Functional Avidity and Direct Tumor Recognition Through an IL-12-Dependent Mechanism J. Immunol., September 1, 2003; 171(5): 2251 - 2261. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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E. C. Lavelle, E. McNeela, M. E. Armstrong, O. Leavy, S. C. Higgins, and K. H. G. Mills Cholera Toxin Promotes the Induction of Regulatory T Cells Specific for Bystander Antigens by Modulating Dendritic Cell Activation J. Immunol., September 1, 2003; 171(5): 2384 - 2392. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. T. Semnani, A. Y. Liu, H. Sabzevari, J. Kubofcik, J. Zhou, J. K. Gilden, and T. B. Nutman Brugia malayi Microfilariae Induce Cell Death in Human Dendritic Cells, Inhibit Their Ability to Make IL-12 and IL-10, and Reduce Their Capacity to Activate CD4+ T Cells J. Immunol., August 15, 2003; 171(4): 1950 - 1960. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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I. B. McInnes, B. P. Leung, M. Harnett, J. A. Gracie, F. Y. Liew, and W. Harnett A Novel Therapeutic Approach Targeting Articular Inflammation Using the Filarial Nematode-Derived Phosphorylcholine-Containing Glycoprotein ES-62 J. Immunol., August 15, 2003; 171(4): 2127 - 2133. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. Tezuka, S. Imai, S. Hidano, S. Tsukidate, and K. Fujita Various Types of Dirofilaria immitis Polyproteins Selectively Induce a Th2-Type Immune Response Infect. Immun., July 1, 2003; 71(7): 3802 - 3811. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. Spencer, L. Shultz, and T. V. Rajan T Cells Are Required for Host Protection against Brugia malayi but Need Not Produce or Respond to Interleukin-4 Infect. Immun., June 1, 2003; 71(6): 3097 - 3106. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. M. Ellerbroek, K. Wennerberg, and K. Burridge Serine Phosphorylation Negatively Regulates RhoA in Vivo J. Biol. Chem., May 23, 2003; 278(21): 19023 - 19031. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. M. Woltman and C. van Kooten Functional modulation of dendritic cells to suppress adaptive immune responses J. Leukoc. Biol., April 1, 2003; 73(4): 428 - 441. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. D. Straw, A. S. MacDonald, E. Y. Denkers, and E. J. Pearce CD154 Plays a Central Role in Regulating Dendritic Cell Activation During Infections That Induce Th1 or Th2 Responses J. Immunol., January 15, 2003; 170(2): 727 - 734. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Boonstra, C. Asselin-Paturel, M. Gilliet, C. Crain, G. Trinchieri, Y.-J. Liu, and A. O'Garra Flexibility of Mouse Classical and Plasmacytoid-derived Dendritic Cells in Directing T Helper Type 1 and 2 Cell Development: Dependency on Antigen Dose and Differential Toll-like Receptor Ligation J. Exp. Med., January 6, 2003; 197(1): 101 - 109. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A.-S. Charbonnier, H. Hammad, P. Gosset, G. A. Stewart, S. Alkan, A.-B. Tonnel, and J. Pestel Der p 1-pulsed myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells from house dust mite-sensitized allergic patients dysregulate the T cell response J. Leukoc. Biol., January 1, 2003; 73(1): 91 - 99. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. A. Bajer, D. Garcia-Tapia, K. R. Jordan, K. M. Haas, D. Werling, C. J. Howard, and D. M. Estes Peripheral blood-derived bovine dendritic cells promote IgG1-restricted B cell responses in vitro J. Leukoc. Biol., January 1, 2003; 73(1): 100 - 106. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Z. Liu, Q. Liu, J. Pesce, J. Whitmire, M. J. Ekkens, A. Foster, J. VanNoy, A. H. Sharpe, J. F. Urban Jr., and W. C. Gause Nippostrongylus brasiliensis Can Induce B7-Independent Antigen-Specific Development of IL-4-Producing T Cells from Naive CD4 T Cells In Vivo J. Immunol., December 15, 2002; 169(12): 6959 - 6968. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. Stephens and D. D. Chaplin IgE Cross-Linking or Lipopolysaccharide Treatment Induces Recruitment of Th2 Cells to the Lung in the Absence of Specific Antigen J. Immunol., November 15, 2002; 169(10): 5468 - 5476. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. D. Edwards, S. P. Manickasingham, R. Sporri, S. S. Diebold, O. Schulz, A. Sher, T. Kaisho, S. Akira, and C. Reis e Sousa Microbial Recognition Via Toll-Like Receptor-Dependent and -Independent Pathways Determines the Cytokine Response of Murine Dendritic Cell Subsets to CD40 Triggering J. Immunol., October 1, 2002; 169(7): 3652 - 3660. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. Werling, R. A. Collins, G. Taylor, and C. J. Howard Cytokine responses of bovine dendritic cells and T cells following exposure to live or inactivated bovine respiratory syncytial virus J. Leukoc. Biol., August 1, 2002; 72(2): 297 - 304. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 P C L Beverley Immunology of vaccination Br. Med. Bull., July 1, 2002; 62(1): 15 - 28. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. Kaisho, K. Hoshino, T. Iwabe, O. Takeuchi, T. Yasui, and S. Akira Endotoxin can induce MyD88-deficient dendritic cells to support Th2 cell differentiation Int. Immunol., July 1, 2002; 14(7): 695 - 700. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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E. C. de Jong, P. L. Vieira, P. Kalinski, J. H. N. Schuitemaker, Y. Tanaka, E. A. Wierenga, M. Yazdanbakhsh, and M. L. Kapsenberg Microbial Compounds Selectively Induce Th1 Cell-Promoting or Th2 Cell-Promoting Dendritic Cells In Vitro with Diverse Th Cell-Polarizing Signals J. Immunol., February 15, 2002; 168(4): 1704 - 1709. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. H. Smits, E. C. de Jong, J. H. N. Schuitemaker, T. B. H. Geijtenbeek, Y. van Kooyk, M. L. Kapsenberg, and E. A. Wierenga Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/LFA-1 Ligation Favors Human Th1 Development J. Immunol., February 15, 2002; 168(4): 1710 - 1716. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. S. MacDonald, M. I. Araujo, and E. J. Pearce Immunology of Parasitic Helminth Infections Infect. Immun., February 1, 2002; 70(2): 427 - 433. [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. McGuirk, C. McCann, and K. H.G. Mills Pathogen-specific T Regulatory 1 Cells Induced in the Respiratory Tract by a Bacterial Molecule that Stimulates Interleukin 10 Production by Dendritic Cells: A Novel Strategy for Evasion of Protective T Helper Type 1 Responses by Bordetella pertussis J. Exp. Med., January 22, 2002; 195(2): 221 - 231. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. S. MacDonald, A. D. Straw, N. M. Dalton, and E. J. Pearce Cutting Edge: Th2 Response Induction by Dendritic Cells: A Role for CD40 J. Immunol., January 15, 2002; 168(2): 537 - 540. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 M. F. Lipscomb and B. J. Masten Dendritic Cells: Immune Regulators in Health and Disease Physiol Rev, January 1, 2002; 82(1): 97 - 130. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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N. Tsuji, K. Suzuki, H. Kasuga-Aoki, Y. Matsumoto, T. Arakawa, K. Ishiwata, and T. Isobe Intranasal Immunization with Recombinant Ascaris suum 14-Kilodalton Antigen Coupled with Cholera Toxin B Subunit Induces Protective Immunity to A. suum Infection in Mice Infect. Immun., December 1, 2001; 69(12): 7285 - 7292. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 M. B. Faries, I. Bedrosian, S. Xu, G. Koski, J. G. Roros, M. A. Moise, H. Q. Nguyen, F. H. C. Engels, P. A. Cohen, and B. J. Czerniecki Calcium signaling inhibits interleukin-12 production and activates CD83+ dendritic cells that induce Th2 cell development Blood, October 15, 2001; 98(8): 2489 - 2497. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 B.N. Lambrecht, J-;B. Prins, and H.C. Hoogsteden Lung dendritic cells and host immunity to infection Eur. Respir. J., October 1, 2001; 18(4): 692 - 704. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. Caron, Y. Delneste, E. Roelandts, C. Duez, J.-Y. Bonnefoy, J. Pestel, and P. Jeannin Histamine Polarizes Human Dendritic Cells into Th2 Cell-Promoting Effector Dendritic Cells J. Immunol., October 1, 2001; 167(7): 3682 - 3686. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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N. Kadowaki, S. Ho, S. Antonenko, R. de Waal Malefyt, R. A. Kastelein, F. Bazan, and Y.-J. Liu Subsets of Human Dendritic Cell Precursors Express Different Toll-like Receptors and Respond to Different Microbial Antigens J. Exp. Med., September 17, 2001; 194(6): 863 - 870. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Schonemeyer, R. Lucius, B. Sonnenburg, N. Brattig, R. Sabat, K. Schilling, J. Bradley, and S. Hartmann Modulation of Human T Cell Responses and Macrophage Functions by Onchocystatin, a Secreted Protein of the Filarial Nematode Onchocerca volvulus J. Immunol., September 15, 2001; 167(6): 3207 - 3215. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. T. Semnani, H. Sabzevari, R. Iyer, and T. B. Nutman Filarial Antigens Impair the Function of Human Dendritic Cells during Differentiation Infect. Immun., September 1, 2001; 69(9): 5813 - 5822. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. S. MacDonald, A. D. Straw, B. Bauman, and E. J. Pearce CD8- Dendritic Cell Activation Status Plays an Integral Role in Influencing Th2 Response Development J. Immunol., August 15, 2001; 167(4): 1982 - 1988. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. S. Goodridge, E. H. Wilson, W. Harnett, C. C. Campbell, M. M. Harnett, and F. Y. Liew Modulation of Macrophage Cytokine Production by ES-62, a Secreted Product of the Filarial Nematode Acanthocheilonema viteae J. Immunol., July 15, 2001; 167(2): 940 - 945. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. L. King, M. Connelly, M. P. Alpers, M. Bockarie, and J. W. Kazura Transmission Intensity Determines Lymphocyte Responsiveness and Cytokine Bias in Human Lymphatic Filariasis J. Immunol., June 15, 2001; 166(12): 7427 - 7436. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Ebner, G. Ratzinger, B. Krosbacher, M. Schmuth, A. Weiss, D. Reider, R. A. Kroczek, M. Herold, C. Heufler, P. Fritsch, et al. Production of IL-12 by Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells Is Optimal When the Stimulus Is Given at the Onset of Maturation, and Is Further Enhanced by IL-4 J. Immunol., January 1, 2001; 166(1): 633 - 641. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 A. Lanzavecchia and F. Sallusto Dynamics of T Lymphocyte Responses: Intermediates, Effectors, and Memory Cells Science, October 6, 2000; 290(5489): 92 - 97. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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