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The Journal of Immunology, 2000, 164: 29-37.
Copyright © 2000 by The American Association of Immunologists

Protein Kinase C{epsilon} Is Required for the Induction of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphatase-1 in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Macrophages1

Annabel F. Valledor, Jordi Xaus, Mònica Comalada, Concepció Soler and Antonio Celada2

Departament de Fisiologia (Biologia del Macròfag), Facultat de Biologia and Fundació August Pi i Sunyer, Campus Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

LPS induces in bone marrow macrophages the transient expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase-1 (MKP-1). Because MKP-1 plays a crucial role in the attenuation of different MAPK cascades, we were interested in the characterization of the signaling mechanisms involved in the control of MKP-1 expression in LPS-stimulated macrophages. The induction of MKP-1 was blocked by genistein, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and by two different protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors (GF109203X and calphostin C). We had previously shown that bone marrow macrophages express the isoforms PKCßI, {epsilon}, and {zeta}. Of all these, only PKCßI and {epsilon} are inhibited by GF109203X. The following arguments suggest that PKC{epsilon} is required selectively for the induction of MKP-1 by LPS. First, in macrophages exposed to prolonged treatment with PMA, MKP-1 induction by LPS correlates with the levels of expression of PKC{epsilon} but not with that of PKCßI. Second, Gö6976, an inhibitor selective for conventional PKCs, including PKCßI, does not alter MKP-1 induction by LPS. Last, antisense oligonucleotides that block the expression of PKC{epsilon}, but not those selective for PKCßI or PKC{zeta}, inhibit MKP-1 induction and lead to an increase of extracellular-signal regulated kinase activity during the macrophage response to LPS. Finally, in macrophages stimulated with LPS we observed significant activation of PKC{epsilon}. In conclusion, our results demonstrate an important role for PKC{epsilon} in the induction of MKP-1 and the subsequent negative control of MAPK activity in macrophages.




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