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*
Department of Immunology, The Forsyth Institute, Boston, MA;
Division of Immunology, Childrens Hospital, Boston, MA;
Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, MA; and
§
Department of Microbiology, Hiroshima University Faculty of Dentistry, Hiroshima, Japan
Differentiated CD4 T cells can be divided into Th1 and Th2 types
based on the cytokines they produce. Differential expression of
chemokine receptors on either the Th1-type or the Th2-type cell
suggests that Th1-type and Th2-type cells differ not only in cytokine
production but also in their migratory capacity. Stimulation of
endothelial cells with IFN-
selectively enhanced transmigration of
Th1-type cells, but not Th2-type cells, in a transendothelial migration
assay. Enhanced transmigration of Th1-type cells was dependent on the
chemokine RANTES produced by endothelial cells, as indicated by the
findings that Ab neutralizing RANTES, or Ab to its receptor CCR5,
inhibited transmigration. Neutralizing Ab to chemokines
macrophage-inflammatory protein-1
or monocyte chemotactic protein-1
did not inhibit Th1 selective migration. Whereas anti-CD18 and
anti-CD54 blocked basal levels of Th1-type cell adherence to
endothelial cells and also inhibited transmigration, anti-RANTES
blocked only transmigration, indicating that RANTES appeared to induce
transmigration of adherent T cells. RANTES seemed to promote diapedesis
of adherent Th1-type cells by augmenting pseudopod formation in
conjunction with actin rearrangement by a pathway that was sensitive to
the phosphoinositol 3-kinase inhibitor wortmannin and to the Rho
GTP-binding protein inhibitor, epidermal cell differentiation
inhibitor. Thus, enhancement of Th1-type selective migration appeared
to be responsible for the diapedesis induced by interaction between
CCR5 on Th1-type cells and RANTES produced by endothelial cells.
Further evidence that CCR5 and RANTES play a modulatory role in
Th1-type selective migration derives from the abrogation of this
migration by anti-RANTES and anti-CCR5
Abs.
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