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The Journal of Immunology, 1999, 163: 3053-3063.
Copyright © 1999 by The American Association of Immunologists

Effector CD4 T Cells Are Biochemically Distinct from the Memory Subset: Evidence for Long-Term Persistence of Effectors In Vivo1

Mojgan Ahmadzadeh2, S. Farzana Hussain2 and Donna L. Farber3

Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742

Memory T cell responses are believed to be mediated by long-lived memory T cells that arise directly from a subset of short-lived, activated effector T cells that have reverted to the resting state. Although widely accepted, definitive proof that memory T cells arise from effectors is lacking because of the inability to reliably distinguish these subsets based on known phenotypic or functional parameters. We have used a biochemical approach to distinguish effector and memory CD4 T cell subsets and follow the differentiative fate of effector cells in vivo. When examined biochemically, effector and memory CD4 T cells are strikingly distinct and exhibit qualitative and quantitative differences in tyrosine phosphorylation. These effector-specific patterns were identical in effectors derived either from naive CD4 T cells (primary effectors) or memory CD4 T cells (memory effectors). To monitor the fate of effector cells in vivo, Ag-activated CD4+ TCR-transgenic T cells were transferred into irradiated BALB/c mice. These TCR-transgenic CD4 T cells persisted in adoptive hosts for several months, gave a recall response to Ag, yet exhibited effector-specific biochemical profiles. These results suggest that a subset of effector CD4 T cells can persist in vivo and contribute to long-term immunity by mediating secondary immune responses.




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