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Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute,
Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and
Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
The BCL-6 gene negatively regulates Th2 responses as shown by the finding that BCL-6-deficient (BCL-6-/-) mice develop a lethal Th2-type inflammatory disease. The response of inbred mouse strains to infection with Leishmania major is under genetic control; BALB/c mice are susceptible and develop a progressive parasite burden, whereas most other common laboratory strains of mice are resistant to infection. We found that BCL-6-/- mice on a resistant genetic background (C57BL/6 x 129 intercrossed mice) were highly susceptible to L. major infection; they resembled BALB/c mice in terms of lesion size, parasite load, and the production of Th2 cytokines. BCL-6-/-IL-4-/- double-mutant mice were also susceptible to L. major infection and produced 10-fold higher levels of the Th2 cytokine IL-13 than IL-4-/- littermate controls. By contrast, BCL-6-/-STAT6-/- double-mutant mice were resistant to L. major infection despite also producing elevated levels of IL-13. These results show that STAT6 is required for susceptibility to L. major infection and suggest that IL-13 signaling through STAT6 may contribute to a nonhealing, exacerbated L. major infection.
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