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*
Laboratory for Immunological Research, Schering-Plough, Dardilly, France; and
DNAX, Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA 94304
We have identified a novel member of the calcium-dependent (C-type)
lectin family. This molecule, designated DCIR (for dendritic cell (DC)
immunoreceptor), is a type II membrane glycoprotein of 237 aa with a
single carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD), closest in homology to
those of the macrophage lectin and hepatic asialoglycoprotein
receptors. The intracellular domain of DCIR contains a consensus
immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif. A mouse cDNA, encoding
a homologous protein has been identified. Northern blot analysis showed
DCIR mRNA to be predominantly transcribed in hematopoietic tissues. The
gene encoding human DCIR was localized to chromosome 12p13, in a region
close to the NK gene complex. Unlike members of this complex, DCIR
displays a typical lectin CRD rather than an NK cell type extracellular
domain, and was expressed on DC, monocytes, macrophages, B lymphocytes,
and granulocytes, but not detected on NK and T cells. DCIR was strongly
expressed by DC derived from blood monocytes cultured with GM-CSF and
IL-4. DCIR was mostly expressed by monocyte-related rather than
Langerhans cell related DC obtained from CD34+ progenitor
cells. Finally, DCIR expression was down-regulated by signals inducing
DC maturation such as CD40 ligand, LPS, or TNF-
. Thus, DCIR is
differentially expressed on DC depending on their origin and stage of
maturation/activation. DCIR represents a novel surface molecule
expressed by Ag presenting cells, and of potential importance in
regulation of DC function.
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K. Ariizumi, G.-L. Shen, S. Shikano, S. Xu, R. Ritter III, T. Kumamoto, D. Edelbaum, A. Morita, P. R. Bergstresser, and A. Takashima Identification of a Novel, Dendritic Cell-associated Molecule, Dectin-1, by Subtractive cDNA Cloning J. Biol. Chem., June 23, 2000; 275(26): 20157 - 20167. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. Wu, A. A. Bashirova, T. D. Martin, L. Villamide, E. Mehlhop, A. O. Chertov, D. Unutmaz, M. Pope, M. Carrington, and V. N. KewalRamani Rhesus macaque dendritic cells efficiently transmit primate lentiviruses independently of DC-SIGN PNAS, February 5, 2002; 99(3): 1568 - 1573. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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