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The Journal of Immunology, 1999, 163: 1730-1732.
Copyright © 1999 by The American Association of Immunologists

CUTTING EDGE

Cutting Edge: Differential Effect of Apoptotic Versus Necrotic Tumor Cells on Macrophage Antitumor Activities

Isabella Reiter1,*, Barbara Krammer* and Günter Schwamberger{dagger}

* Institute of Physics and Biophysics and {dagger} Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria

Macrophages (M{phi}) play essential roles both in tumor defense and normal tissue homeostasis by removal of transformed as well as damaged and disintegrating cells. Whereas tissue necrosis is known to provoke inflammatory responses, removal of apoptotic cells has been assumed to be immunologically inert. We now show that while M{phi} exposure to necrotized tumor cells causes pronounced stimulation of M{phi} antitumor activity, exposure of M{phi} to apoptotic tumor cells in contrast results in impairment of M{phi}-mediated tumor defense and even support of tumor cell growth. Given the fact that apoptosis is a consequence of various cancer treatment modalities, this may lead to a suppression of local antitumor reactions and thus actually counteract endogenous immune-mediated tumor defense mechanisms.




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