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The Journal of Immunology, 1999, 163: 6769-6776.
Copyright © 1999 by The American Association of Immunologists

Critical Role of CD28 in Protective Immunity Against Salmonella typhimurium

Hans-Willi Mittrücker1,*, Anne Köhler*, Tak W. Mak{dagger} and Stefan H. E. Kaufmann*

* Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany; {dagger} Amgen Research Institute, Ontario Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Efficient T cell activation requires both TCR signals and costimulatory signals. CD28 is one of the molecules that provide costimulatory signals for T cells. We used mice deficient in CD28 expression (CD28-/- mice) to analyze the role of CD28 in the immune response against the intracellular bacterium Salmonella typhimurium, the causative agent of murine typhoid fever. CD28-/- mice were highly susceptible to infection with wild-type S. typhimurium and even failed to control infection with attenuated aroA- S. typhimurium. More detailed analysis revealed that CD28-/- animals did not mount a T-dependent Ab response and were highly impaired in the production of IFN-{gamma}. Thus, CD28 cosignaling is crucial for immunity against S. typhimurium. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing an essential role for CD28 in protective immunity against an intracellular microbial pathogen.




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