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The Journal of Immunology, 1999, 163: 6762-6768.
Copyright © 1999 by The American Association of Immunologists

Vaccinia Virus Inhibits the Maturation of Human Dendritic Cells: A Novel Mechanism of Immune Evasion1

Jose Engelmayer*, Marie Larsson*, Marion Subklewe*, Ann Chahroudi*, William I. Cox{dagger}, Ralph M. Steinman* and Nina Bhardwaj2,*

* The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021; and {dagger} The Virogenetics Corporation, Troy, NY

Vaccinia virus employs multiple mechanisms to evade the immune system, yet is highly immunogenic. We studied the interaction between vaccinia and human dendritic cells (DCs), potent APCs. DCs develop from precursor cells in two stages: an immature stage in which Ag uptake and processing occur, and a mature stage in which there is up-regulation of costimulatory and HLA molecules and efficient T cell activation. Vaccinia virus undergoes an abortive replication in both stages of DCs and induces apoptotic cell death. Furthermore, maturation of immature DCs and consequently T cell activation are inhibited. Obstruction of DC maturation may constitute a novel mechanism by which vaccinia attempts to evade the immune response.




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Blood, April 15, 2002; 99(8): 2913 - 2921.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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JEMHome page
M. Lechmann, D. J.E.B. Krooshoop, D. Dudziak, E. Kremmer, C. Kuhnt, C. G. Figdor, G. Schuler, and A. Steinkasserer
The Extracellular Domain of CD83 Inhibits Dendritic Cell-mediated T Cell Stimulation and Binds to a Ligand on Dendritic Cells
J. Exp. Med., December 17, 2001; 194(12): 1813 - 1821.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Immunol.Home page
Z. Hel, W.-P. Tsai, A. Thornton, J. Nacsa, L. Giuliani, E. Tryniszewska, M. Poudyal, D. Venzon, X. Wang, J. Altman, et al.
Potentiation of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV)-Specific CD4+ and CD8+ T Cell Responses by a DNA-SIV and NYVAC-SIV Prime/Boost Regimen
J. Immunol., December 15, 2001; 167(12): 7180 - 7191.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Infect. Immun.Home page
C. W. Cutler, R. Jotwani, and B. Pulendran
Dendritic Cells: Immune Saviors or Achilles' Heel?
Infect. Immun., August 1, 2001; 69(8): 4703 - 4708.
[Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Virol.Home page
Z. Mikloska, L. Bosnjak, and A. L. Cunningham
Immature Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells Are Productively Infected with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
J. Virol., July 1, 2001; 75(13): 5958 - 5964.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Immunol.Home page
M. P. Rudolf, S. C. Fausch, D. M. Da Silva, and W. M. Kast
Human Dendritic Cells Are Activated by Chimeric Human Papillomavirus Type-16 Virus-Like Particles and Induce Epitope-Specific Human T Cell Responses In Vitro
J. Immunol., May 15, 2001; 166(10): 5917 - 5924.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Immunol.Home page
P. Lenz, P. M. Day, Y.-Y. S. Pang, S. A. Frye, P. N. Jensen, D. R. Lowy, and J. T. Schiller
Papillomavirus-Like Particles Induce Acute Activation of Dendritic Cells
J. Immunol., May 1, 2001; 166(9): 5346 - 5355.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Immunol.Home page
C. Bonini, S. P. Lee, S. R. Riddell, and P. D. Greenberg
Targeting Antigen in Mature Dendritic Cells for Simultaneous Stimulation of CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells
J. Immunol., April 15, 2001; 166(8): 5250 - 5257.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Virol.Home page
J. Engelmayer, M. Larsson, A. Lee, M. Lee, W. I. Cox, R. M. Steinman, and N. Bhardwaj
Mature Dendritic Cells Infected with Canarypox Virus Elicit Strong Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus CD8+ and CD4+ T-Cell Responses from Chronically Infected Individuals
J. Virol., March 1, 2001; 75(5): 2142 - 2153.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Immunol.Home page
L.-J. Ho, J.-J. Wang, M.-F. Shaio, C.-L. Kao, D.-M. Chang, S.-W. Han, and J.-H. Lai
Infection of Human Dendritic Cells by Dengue Virus Causes Cell Maturation and Cytokine Production
J. Immunol., February 1, 2001; 166(3): 1499 - 1506.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Virol.Home page
J. P. Gardner, I. Frolov, S. Perri, Y. Ji, M. L. MacKichan, J. zur Megede, M. Chen, B. A. Belli, D. A. Driver, S. Sherrill, et al.
Infection of Human Dendritic Cells by a Sindbis Virus Replicon Vector Is Determined by a Single Amino Acid Substitution in the E2 Glycoprotein
J. Virol., December 15, 2000; 74(24): 11849 - 11857.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Virol.Home page
R. Ignatius, M. Marovich, E. Mehlhop, L. Villamide, K. Mahnke, W. I. Cox, F. Isdell, S. S. Frankel, J. R. Mascola, R. M. Steinman, et al.
Canarypox Virus-Induced Maturation of Dendritic Cells Is Mediated by Apoptotic Cell Death and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Secretion
J. Virol., December 1, 2000; 74(23): 11329 - 11338.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Immunol.Home page
A. Granelli-Piperno, L. Zhong, P. Haslett, J. Jacobson, and R. M. Steinman
Dendritic Cells, Infected with Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-Pseudotyped HIV-1, Present Viral Antigens to CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells from HIV-1-Infected Individuals
J. Immunol., December 1, 2000; 165(11): 6620 - 6626.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Immunol.Home page
C. Meyer zum Buschenfelde, N. Nicklisch, S. Rose-John, C. Peschel, and H. Bernhard
Generation of Tumor-Reactive CTL Against the Tumor-Associated Antigen HER2 Using Retrovirally Transduced Dendritic Cells Derived from CD34+ Hemopoietic Progenitor Cells
J. Immunol., October 1, 2000; 165(7): 4133 - 4140.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Virol.Home page
M. Kruse, O. Rosorius, F. Kratzer, G. Stelz, C. Kuhnt, G. Schuler, J. Hauber, and A. Steinkasserer
Mature Dendritic Cells Infected with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Exhibit Inhibited T-Cell Stimulatory Capacity
J. Virol., August 1, 2000; 74(15): 7127 - 7136.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Immunol.Home page
C. S. Subauste and M. Wessendarp
Human Dendritic Cells Discriminate Between Viable and Killed Toxoplasma gondii Tachyzoites: Dendritic Cell Activation After Infection with Viable Parasites Results in CD28 and CD40 Ligand Signaling That Controls IL-12-Dependent and -Independent T Cell Production of IFN-{gamma}
J. Immunol., August 1, 2000; 165(3): 1498 - 1505.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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JEMHome page
C. Munz, K. L. Bickham, M. Subklewe, M. L. Tsang, A. Chahroudi, M. G. Kurilla, D. Zhang, M. O'Donnell, and R. M. Steinman
Human Cd4+ T Lymphocytes Consistently Respond to the Latent Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigen Ebna1
J. Exp. Med., May 15, 2000; 191(10): 1649 - 1660.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
B. Berwin, R. C. Reed, and C. V. Nicchitta
Virally Induced Lytic Cell Death Elicits the Release of Immunogenic GRP94/gp96
J. Biol. Chem., June 8, 2001; 276(24): 21083 - 21088.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]




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