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The Journal of Immunology, 1999, 163: 93-101.
Copyright © 1999 by The American Association of Immunologists

A Novel Function of V{alpha}14+CD4+NKT Cells: Stimulation of IL-12 Production by Antigen-Presenting Cells in the Innate Immune System1

Michio Tomura*, Wen-Gong Yu*, Hyun-Jong Ahn*, Motozo Yamashita*, Yi-Fu Yang*, Shiro Ono*, Toshiyuki Hamaoka*, Tetsu Kawano{dagger}, Masaru Taniguchi{dagger}, Yasuhiko Koezuka{ddagger} and Hiromi Fujiwara2,*

* Biomedical Research Center, Osaka University Medical School, Osaka, Japan; {dagger} Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Project, Japan Science and Technology Corporation and Department of Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; and {ddagger} Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory, Kirin Brewery, Gunma, Japan

The balance between Th1 and Th2 development is determined by IL-4 and IL-12. While the role for CD4+ NK1.1+ T (NKT) cells in influencing this balance has been recognized based on their capacity to produce IL-4, it is unknown how IL-12 is produced in the innate immune system in which they participate. This study demonstrates that Ag-activated CD4+ NKT cells express CD40 ligand (CD40L) (CD154), which engages CD40 on APC and stimulates them to produce IL-12. Culture of B cell-depleted spleen cells from C57BL/6 mice with {alpha}-galactosylceramide ({alpha}-GalCer) capable of selectively stimulating V{alpha}14/J{alpha}281+ NKT cells resulted in the production of IL-12 together with IFN-{gamma} and IL-4. {alpha}-GalCer-induced IL-12 production occurred in I-Abß-deficient mice, but not in ß2-microglobulin-deficient and V{alpha}14/J{alpha}281 TCR-deficient mice, and was inhibited by anti-CD40L mAb. Of CD4+ and CD4- NKT cells, the capacity to express CD40L/CD154 and trigger IL-12 production following {alpha}-GalCer stimulation was exhibited preferentially by the CD4+ NKT subset. IL-12 production was also observed in {alpha}-GalCer-treated mice. Production of IL-12 preceded IFN-{gamma} production, and IL-12 was required for IFN-{gamma}, but not IL-4, production. A stimulatory/inhibitory relationship existed between IL-12 and IL-4 production. These results illustrate a novel function of CD4+ NKT cells that could be involved in the regulation of Th1 vs Th2 development.




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