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Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Sciences, and
Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104
Several reports have shown that bicyclic imidazoles, specific
inhibitors of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), block
cytokine synthesis at the translational level. In this study, we
examined the role of p38 MAPK in the regulation of the IL-1ß cytokine
gene in monocytic cell lines using the bicyclic imidazole SB203580.
Addition of SB203580 30 min before stimulation of monocytes with LPS
inhibited IL-1ß protein and steady state message in a dose-dependent
manner in both RAW264.7 and J774 cell lines. The loss of IL-1ß
message was due mainly to inhibition of transcription, since nuclear
run-off analysis showed an
80% decrease in specific IL-1 RNA
synthesis. In contrast, SB203580 had no effect on the synthesis of
TNF-
message. LPS-stimulated p38 MAPK activity in the RAW264.7 cells
was blocked by SB203580, as measured by the inhibition of MAPKAP2
kinase activity, a downstream target of the p38 MAPK. CCAATT/enhancer
binding protein (C/EBP)/NFIL-6-driven chloramphenicol acetyltransferase
(CAT) reporter activity was sensitive to SB203580, indicating that
C/EBP/NFIL-6 transcription factor(s) are also targets of p38 MAPK. In
contrast, transfected CAT constructs containing NF-
B elements were
only partially inhibited (
35%) at the highest concentration of
SB203580 after LPS stimulation. As measured by EMSA, LPS-stimulated
NF-
B activation was not affected by SB203580. Overall, the results
demonstrate, for the first time, a role for p38 MAPK in IL-1ß
transcription by acting through C/EBP/NFIL-6 transcription
factors.
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