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Cell-Surface Expression and Alloantigenic Function of a Human Nonclassical Class I Molecule (HLA-E) in Transgenic Mice¹

Rita Pacasova^*, Silvia Martinozzi^2,, Henri-Jean Boulouis^*, Matthias Ulbrecht, Jean-Claude Vieville^*, François Sigaux^*, Elisabeth H. Weiss and Marika Pla^3,*

^* Mouse Immunogenetics, U462, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institute of Hematology, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France; and Institut für Anthropologie und Humangenetik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany

We have introduced the gene (E*01033) encoding the heavy chain of the human nonclassical MHC class I Ag, HLA-E, into the mouse genome. Two founder mice carry a 21-kb fragment, the others bear an 8-kb fragment. Each of the founder mice was mated to mice of an already established C57BL/10 transgenic line expressing human ß₂-microglobulin (ß₂m). Cell surface HLA-E was detected on lymph node cells by flow cytometry only in the presence of endogenous human ß₂m. However, HLA-E-reactive mouse CTL (H-2-unrestricted) lysed efficiently the target cells originating from HLA-E transgenic mice without human ß₂m, showing that the HLA-E protein can be transported to the cell surface in the absence of human ß₂m, presumably by association with murine ß₂m. Rejection of skin grafts from HLA-E transgenic mice demonstrates that HLA-E behaves as a transplantation Ag in mice. HLA-E transgenic spleen cells are effective in stimulating an allogeneic CTL response in normal and human classical class I (HLA-B27) transgenic mice. Furthermore, results from split-well analysis indicate that the majority of the primary in vivo-induced CTL recognizes HLA-E as an intact molecule (H-2-unrestricted recognition) and not as an HLA-E-derived peptide presented by a mouse MHC molecule, although a small fraction (ranging from 4 to 21%) of the primary in vivo-induced CTL is able to recognize HLA-E in an H-2-restricted manner. Based on these observations, we conclude that HLA-E exhibits alloantigenic properties that are indistinguishable from classical HLA class I molecules when expressed in transgenic mice.

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