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B Mediates TNF-
Inhibitory Effect on
2(I) Collagen (COL1A2) Gene Transcription in Human Dermal Fibroblasts1
,




,

Departments of
*
Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology and
Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Jefferson Medical College, and
Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107; and
§
Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Among its plethora of activities as an inflammatory mediator,
TNF-
has potent regulatory control on extracellular matrix
production and degradation. Earlier studies have documented that
TNF-
inhibits type I collagen gene (COL1A2) expression at the
transcriptional level, but the characterization of the transcription
factors involved has been elusive. In the present study, using
transient cell transfection of human dermal fibroblasts with a battery
of 5' end deletion/chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter
gene constructs, we have characterized the TNF-
response element of
the COL1A2 promoter. The TNF-
response element was attributed to a
specific region that comprises noncanonical activator protein-1 (AP-1)
(CGAGTCA) and NF-
B (AGAGTTTCCC) binding sites. TNF-
effect was
eliminated by a 2-bp substitution mutation in the NF-
B1 binding half
site of the NF-
B cis element. Electrophoretic
mobility shift assays (EMSA) showed that recombinant human NF-
B
heterodimers as well as NF-
B1 and RelA homodimers, but not AP-1,
were capable of binding this element. Further, EMSA with human
fibroblast nuclear extracts demonstrated enhanced binding of a single,
specific complex within 5 min of TNF-
stimulation, which reached a
plateau by 1 h and was not affected by preincubation of cells with
cycloheximide. Gel supershift assays identified the complex as the
NF-
B (p50/p65) heterodimer, whereas Abs to nuclear factor of
activated T cells (NF-AT) and Jun family members failed to recognize
the complex. These data suggest that in fibroblasts TNF-
activates
and initiates the nuclear translocation of NF-
B that binds a
divergent NF-
B element and plays a critical role in the observed
inhibition of
2(I) collagen gene
transcription.
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