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*
Department of Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and
Department of Biochemistry, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
Mouse B cells express CD38, whose ligation by anti-CD38 Ab
induces their proliferation and protection from apoptosis. We
previously showed that stimulation of mouse splenic B cells with IL-5
together with CS/2, an anti-mouse CD38 mAb, induces production of
IgG1 and IgM. Here we examined the role of IL-5 and CS/2 in the
expression of germline 
1 transcripts and the generation of
reciprocal products forming DNA circles as byproducts of µ-1
switch recombination. By itself, CS/2 induced significant expression of
germline 1 transcripts in splenic naive B cells, whereas IL-5
neither induced nor enhanced germline 1 expression. Increased
cellular content of reciprocal product, which is characteristic of
µ-1 recombination, was not observed after culturing B cells with
CS/2, but increased reciprocal product, along with high levels of lgG1
secretion, was found when B cells were cultured with CS/2 plus IL-5.
Although IL-4 did not, by itself, induce µ-1 recombination in B
cells stimulated with CS/2, in conjunction with CS/2 plus IL-5, IL-4
dramatically enhanced sterile 1 transcription and IgG1 production.
These results demonstrate that CD38 ligation induces only germline 1
transcription and that IL-5 promotes both µ-1 switch recombination
and lgG1 secretion in an IL-4-independent
manner.
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