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Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology Vaccine Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294;
Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ 07033; and
DNAX Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Palo Alto, CA 93404
Lymphotactin (Lptn) is a C chemokine produced predominantly by NK
and CD8-positive (CD8+) T cells including 
TCR-positive (TCR+) intraepithelial lymphocytes. Lptn is
chemotactic for NK and T cells and likely plays an important role in
maintaining the integrity of the epithelium and in mucosal immune
responses. In this study, we characterized the immune responses to OVA
given intranasally with Lptn to mice. This regimen enhanced
OVA-specific serum Ab responses and Ab titers in mucosal secretions.
Lptn also enhanced OVA-specific Ab-forming cells in mucosal and
systemic compartments. CD4-positive (CD4+) T cells isolated
from mucosal compartments and spleens of mice intranasally immunized
with OVA plus Lptn displayed higher OVA-specific proliferative
responses and greater synthesis of IFN-, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and
IL-10 than did CD4+ T cells from mice given OVA without
Lptn. These studies indicate that Lptn has adjuvant properties and
suggest that Lptn present in the mucosa has the potential to enhance
mucosal and systemic Ab responses through help provided by Th1- and
Th2-type cells to link the initial innate signals of the mucosa with
the acquired immune system.
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