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*
Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;
Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205;
Department of Microbiology, Emory University, GA 30322;
§
Viral Immunology Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892;
¶
Beckman Coulter, Miami, FL 33116; and
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Department of Medicine, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
Human T cell lymphotropic virus-I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy is
a slowly progressive neurologic disease characterized by inflammatory
infiltrates in the central nervous system accompanied by clonal
expansion of HTLV-I-reactive CD8+ T-cells. In patients
carrying the HLA-A2 allele, the immune response is primarily directed
to the Tax11-19 peptide. The frequency, activation state, and TCR usage
of HLA-A2/Tax11-19 binding T cells in patients with HTLV-I-associated
myelopathy was determined using MHC class I tetramers loaded with the
Tax11-19 peptide. Circulating Tax11-19-reactive T cells were found at
very high frequencies, approaching 1:10 circulating CD8+ T
cells. T cells binding HLA-A2/Tax11-19 consisted of heterogeneous
populations expressing different chemokine receptors and the IL-2R
ß-chain but not the IL-2R 
-chain. Additionally, Tax11-19-reactive
CD8+ T cells used one predominant TCR Vß-chain for the
recognition of the HLA-A2/Tax11-19 complex. These data provide direct
evidence for high frequencies of circulating Tax11-19-reactive
CD8+ T cells in patients with HTLV-I-associated
myelopathy.
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