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Biased TCR Repertoire in Infiltrating Lesional T Cells in Human Bancroftian Filariasis¹

David O. Freedman^2,*, David Adam Plier^*, Adriana de Almeida^*, Janaina Miranda, Cynthia Braga, Maria C. Maia e Silva, Jianming Tang^* and Andre Furtado

^* Division of Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294; and Aggeu Magalhães Research Centre, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

To investigate the hypothesis that T cells recognizing specific Ags localize to the site of disease activity in human bancroftian filariasis, we have compared the repertoire of TCR Vß gene segments in lesions vs blood in individual patients by RT-PCR ELISA. Vß14 and Vß24 were overrepresented (5% greater in tissue compared with PBMCs and/or tissue/PBMC ratios in the highest 5% of all tissue/PBMC ratios for all Vßs for all subjects) in 50% and 40% of study subjects, respectively. Overrepresentation of these two Vßs did not occur in any control subject. In comparing three patient groups, the proportion of individuals meeting at least one criterion for Vß14 overrepresentation was shown to increase in tandem with our current concepts of disease progression (asymptomatic filariasis = 25%; clinical filariasis with active infection = 60%; clinical filariasis without active infection = 71%). In 6 of the 10 individuals with Vß14 overrepresentation, Vß14 represented >20% of the entire lesional Vß repertoire. All but one of the 20 study subjects had at least one Vß gene segment that was overrepresented in tissue compared with PBMCs. Only a small number of Vßs, usually three or less, were overrepresented in any single filariasis patient. However, in the same tissue, no differences between patient groups were found when IFN-, TNF-, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-12 mRNA expression were examined. Taken together, these findings suggest that, in principle, in essentially all patients, whether with subclinical or with clinical filariasis, distinct and limited T cell populations are concentrated in affected tissue.

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