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Allergy and Immunology Division, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
Eosinophils are a numerically dominant cell population within
the schistosome granuloma. These granuloma eosinophils can produce a
variety of cytokines, including IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, and IFN-
.
Therefore, eosinophils may play a key role in the determination of the
unique cytokine microenvironment within the granuloma milieu. These
studies investigated the potential role of eosinophils in the
regulation of granuloma immunopathology. We have characterized spleen-
and granuloma-derived eosinophils based on cellular activation and
cytokine production during the development of murine schistosomiasis.
Based on the criteria of hypodensity and CD69 expression, granuloma
eosinophils were highly activated and very homogeneous at 7 and 11 wk
postinfection. Splenic eosinophils were also activated at 7 wk
postinfection, but were much more heterogeneous than their granuloma
counterparts. By 11 wk postinfection, few hypodense splenic eosinophils
were observed. Eosinophils represented the majority of
cytokine-producing cells in the granuloma and were a dominant source of
IL-4. Eosinophils also produced IL-2, IL-5, and IFN-, using the
criteria of mRNA in situ hybridization and intracellular cytokine
staining by FACS. Granuloma eosinophil activation and cytokine
production were greatest at the time of maximum granuloma formation,
i.e., 10–12 wk after initial cercarial exposure. Therefore, locally
activated eosinophils, not Th2 lymphocytes, produce the majority of Th2
cytokines in the granuloma milieu and may be important determinators of
immunopathology in schistosomiasis.
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