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Institute of Medical Immunology and
Department of Dermatology, Charité Campus Mitte, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
Apoptosis mediated by Fas/FasL interaction plays an important role
during many inflammatory skin disorders. To estimate whether the
expression of FasL, the ligand for Fas, might be regulated by cytokines
we stimulated primary human keratinocytes with several pro- and
anti-inflammatory cytokines. Keratinocytes cultured to
subconfluence expressed FasL constitutively. Cells stimulated with the
proinflammatory cytokines IL-1ß, TNF-
, IFN-
, and IL-15,
respectively, increased significantly their intracellular as well as
cell surface-bound FasL expression in a time- and dose-dependent
manner. This cytokine-induced FasL expression was dependent on new
protein synthesis. Despite enhanced expression of cell surface-bound
FasL, no release of soluble FasL was measured in the cell supernatants
determined by ELISA. Stimulation of the cells with IL-6, IL-10, IL-12,
TGF-ß1, and GM-CSF did not modulate the constitutive FasL expression,
but IFN-
-mediated FasL up-regulation was significantly diminished by
IL-10 and TGF-ß1, respectively. Up-regulation of FasL on
IFN-
-stimulated keratinocytes led to increased apoptosis within
monolayers cultured for 48 h. Moreover, coculture experiments
performed with Fas+ Jurkat T cells revealed that enhanced
FasL expression on IFN-
-stimulated keratinocytes induced apoptosis
in cocultured T cells, demonstrating that up-regulated FasL was
functionally active. In summary, our data suggest the important
regulatory role of cytokine-controlled Fas/FasL interaction in the
cross-talk between keratinocytes and skin-infiltrating T cells for
maintenance of homeostasis in inflammatory skin
processes.
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