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in Human Neutrophils1




*
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy;
Geneva Biomedical Research Institute, Glaxo Wellcome Research and Development, Geneva, Switzerland;
LeukoSite Inc., Cambridge, MA; and
§
Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
Human neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes; PMN) respond to
some CXC chemokines but do not migrate to CC chemokines. Recent work
has shown that chemokine receptors can be modulated by inflammatory
cytokines. In this study, the effect of IFN-
, a prototypic Th1
cytokine, on chemokine receptor expression in PMN was investigated.
IFN-
caused a rapid (
1 h) and concentration-dependent increase of
CCR1 and CCR3 mRNA. The expression of CCR2, CCR5, and CXCR14 was not
augmented. IFN-
-treated PMN, but not control cells, expressed
specific binding sites for labeled monocyte-chemotactic protein (MCP)-3
and migrated to macrophage-inflammatory protein (MIP)-1
, RANTES,
MCP-3, MIP-5/HCC2, and eotaxin. 7B11, a mAb for CCR3, inhibited the
chemotactic response of IFN-
-treated PMN to eotaxin, and
aminoxypentane-RANTES blocked PMN migration to RANTES. These
results suggest that the selectivity of certain chemokines for their
target cells may be altered by cytokines produced within an
inflammatory context. Since PMN may play a role in orienting immunity
toward Th1 responses, it is possible to speculate that IFN-
not only
promotes Th1 differentiation directly, but also reorients the
functional significance of Th2 effector cytokines by broadening the
spectrum of their action to include PMN.
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