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*
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Departments of
Pathology and
Pulmonary Medicine, University of Michigan Hospitals, Ann Arbor, MI 48105
Eotaxin participation was analyzed during types 1 and 2 lung
granuloma formation induced by embolizing Sepharose beads coupled to
purified protein derivative (PPD) of Mycobacterium bovis
or soluble Ags derived from Schistosoma mansoni eggs.
Eotaxin was monitored by protein ELISA and semiquantitative
reverse-transcriptase PCR mRNA analysis. Both types 1 and 2 granulomas
released eotaxin, but levels were sixfold greater (on day 4) in the
type 2 than for the type 1 or foreign body granulomas. Transcripts for
eotaxin, IL-4, and CCR3 (eotaxin receptor) were also enhanced during
type 2 granuloma formation. Anti-IL-4 treatment impaired eotaxin mRNA
in lungs with type 2 granulomas, indicating that IL-4 promoted local
eotaxin expression. In vivo, anti-eotaxin treatment caused modest
reductions in the size of both types 1 and 2 lesions, with negligible
effect on eosinophil recruitment. Surprisingly, anti-eotaxin
treatment abrogated IFN-
-producing cells in regional lymph nodes
during the type 1 PPD response. Lymph nodes draining both types 1 and 2
lesions showed enhanced CCR3 mRNA, but this followed the time of
maximum eotaxin protein and mRNA expression. Correlative, in vitro
studies revealed that graded doses of eotaxin increased IFN-
production from PPD-sensitive regional lymph node cultures, while
monocyte-chemotactic protein-1, an important macrophage
chemoattractant, had the opposite effect. These findings indicate that
eotaxin expression is not limited to type 2 hypersensitivity
granulomas, but also promotes IFN-
production during mycobacterial
responses.
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