| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
*
Department of Microbiology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia;
TVW Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, West Perth, Western Australia; and
Department of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Center, Nedlands, Western Australia
Endogenous proteolytic enzymes have been shown to be potential
sources of airway inflammation inducing proinflammatory cytokine
release from respiratory epithelial cells; however, whether any of the
exogenous proteases from important allergen sources such as the house
dust mite present in our environment behave in a similar fashion is
unclear. To this end, we have investigated whether the mite
cysteine and serine proteolytic allergens, Der p 1 and Der p 9,
respectively, induced cytokine production from primary human bronchial
epithelial cells and from the epithelial cell line BEAS-2B. Cells were
exposed to mite proteases, and cells or supernatants were assayed for
cytokine release, cytokine mRNA expression, and modulation of
intracellular calcium ion concentration. Both proteases induced
concentration- and time-dependent increases in the release of
granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF, IL-6, and IL-8 as well as an increase
in the expression of IL-6 mRNA. Cytokine release and mRNA expression
were first observed at 8 h and 2 h after protease exposure,
respectively. The minimum concentration of each protease that was
required to stimulate GM-CSF, IL-6, and IL-8 release was 
10 ng/ml.
Cytokine release was initiated by 1 to 2 h of protease exposure,
although maximum concentrations were detected only after a 24-h
incubation. IL-6, but not IL-8 and GM-CSF, was shown to be degraded by
both proteases at concentrations of >2 µg/ml. The proteases also
stimulated changes in the intracellular calcium ion concentration. All
mite protease-induced phenomena were inhibited using appropriate
protease inhibitors. These results suggest that the proteolytic
activity of an allergen may stimulate the release of proinflammatory
cytokines from human bronchial epithelium.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  S. Kamijo, T. Takai, T. Kuhara, T. Tokura, H. Ushio, M. Ota, N. Harada, H. Ogawa, and K. Okumura Cupressaceae Pollen Grains Modulate Dendritic Cell Response and Exhibit IgE-Inducing Adjuvant Activity In Vivo J. Immunol., November 15, 2009; 183(10): 6087 - 6094. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Kouzaki, S. M. O'Grady, C. B. Lawrence, and H. Kita Proteases Induce Production of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin by Airway Epithelial Cells through Protease-Activated Receptor-2 J. Immunol., July 15, 2009; 183(2): 1427 - 1434. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Yoshikawa, T. Hill, K. Li, C. J. Peters, and C.-T. K. Tseng Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus-Induced Lung Epithelial Cytokines Exacerbate SARS Pathogenesis by Modulating Intrinsic Functions of Monocyte-Derived Macrophages and Dendritic Cells J. Virol., April 1, 2009; 83(7): 3039 - 3048. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. H. Hong, J. Y. Hong, B. Park, S.-I. Lee, J. T. Seo, K.-E. Kim, M. H. Sohn, and D. M. Shin Chitinase Activates Protease-Activated Receptor-2 in Human Airway Epithelial Cells Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., November 1, 2008; 39(5): 530 - 535. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. M. McDougall, M. G. Blaylock, J. G. Douglas, R. J. Brooker, P. J. Helms, and G. M. Walsh Nasal Epithelial Cells as Surrogates for Bronchial Epithelial Cells in Airway Inflammation Studies Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., November 1, 2008; 39(5): 560 - 568. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Rydell-Tormanen, J. R. Johnson, R. Fattouh, M. Jordana, and J. S. Erjefalt Induction of Vascular Remodeling in the Lung by Chronic House Dust Mite Exposure Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., July 1, 2008; 39(1): 61 - 67. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. B. Vroling, M. J. Jonker, S. Luiten, T. M. Breit, W. J. Fokkens, and C. M. van Drunen Primary Nasal Epithelium Exposed to House Dust Mite Extract Shows Activated Expression in Allergic Individuals Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., March 1, 2008; 38(3): 293 - 299. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Kida, H. Inoue, T. Shimizu, and K. Kuwano Serratia marcescens Serralysin Induces Inflammatory Responses through Protease-Activated Receptor 2 Infect. Immun., January 1, 2007; 75(1): 164 - 174. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.-H. Lin, H.-W. Cheng, M.-J. Hsu, M.-C. Chen, C.-C. Lin, and B.-C. Chen c-Src Mediates Thrombin-Induced NF-{kappa}B Activation and IL-8/CXCL8 Expression in Lung Epithelial Cells. J. Immunol., September 1, 2006; 177(5): 3427 - 3438. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Kikuchi, T. Takai, T. Kuhara, M. Ota, T. Kato, H. Hatanaka, S. Ichikawa, T. Tokura, H. Akiba, K. Mitsuishi, et al. Crucial Commitment of Proteolytic Activity of a Purified Recombinant Major House Dust Mite Allergen Der p1 to Sensitization toward IgE and IgG Responses J. Immunol., August 1, 2006; 177(3): 1609 - 1617. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. K. Wong, M. L. Y. Li, C. B. Wang, W. K. Ip, Y. P. Tian, and C. W. K. Lam House dust mite allergen Der p 1 elevates the release of inflammatory cytokines and expression of adhesion molecules in co-culture of human eosinophils and bronchial epithelial cells Int. Immunol., August 1, 2006; 18(8): 1327 - 1335. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Adam, K. K. Hansen, O. F. Astudillo, L. Coulon, F. Bex, X. Duhant, E. Jaumotte, M. D. Hollenberg, and A. Jacquet The House Dust Mite Allergen Der p 1, Unlike Der p 3, Stimulates the Expression of Interleukin-8 in Human Airway Epithelial Cells via a Proteinase-activated Receptor-2-independent Mechanism J. Biol. Chem., March 17, 2006; 281(11): 6910 - 6923. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. J. M. van Oosterhout and N. Bloksma Regulatory T-lymphocytes in asthma Eur. Respir. J., November 1, 2005; 26(5): 918 - 932. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Fattouh, M. A. Pouladi, D. Alvarez, J. R. Johnson, T. D. Walker, S. Goncharova, M. D. Inman, and M. Jordana House Dust Mite Facilitates Ovalbumin-specific Allergic Sensitization and Airway Inflammation Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., August 1, 2005; 172(3): 314 - 321. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Page, V. S. Hughes, K. K. Odoms, K. E. Dunsmore, and M. B. Hershenson German Cockroach Proteases Regulate Interleukin-8 Expression via Nuclear Factor for Interleukin-6 in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., March 1, 2005; 32(3): 225 - 231. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S J Langley, S Goldthorpe, M Craven, A Woodcock, and A Custovic Relationship between exposure to domestic allergens and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in non-sensitised, atopic asthmatic subjects Thorax, January 1, 2005; 60(1): 17 - 21. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. C. Cates, R. Fattouh, J. Wattie, M. D. Inman, S. Goncharova, A. J. Coyle, J.-C. Gutierrez-Ramos, and M. Jordana Intranasal Exposure of Mice to House Dust Mite Elicits Allergic Airway Inflammation via a GM-CSF-Mediated Mechanism J. Immunol., November 15, 2004; 173(10): 6384 - 6392. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. S. OSSOVSKAYA and N. W. BUNNETT Protease-Activated Receptors: Contribution to Physiology and Disease Physiol Rev, April 1, 2004; 84(2): 579 - 621. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Sakata, K. Arima, T. Takai, W. Sakurai, K. Masumoto, N. Yuyama, Y. Suminami, F. Kishi, T. Yamashita, T. Kato, et al. The Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen 2 Inhibits the Cysteine Proteinase Activity of a Major Mite Allergen, Der p 1 J. Biol. Chem., February 13, 2004; 279(7): 5081 - 5087. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Asokananthan, P. T. Graham, D. J. Stewart, A. J. Bakker, K. A. Eidne, P. J. Thompson, and G. A. Stewart House Dust Mite Allergens Induce Proinflammatory Cytokines from Respiratory Epithelial Cells: The Cysteine Protease Allergen, Der p 1, Activates Protease-Activated Receptor (PAR)-2 and Inactivates PAR-1 J. Immunol., October 15, 2002; 169(8): 4572 - 4578. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Li, S. Kartha, S. Iasvovskaia, A. Tan, R. K. Bhat, J. M. Manaligod, K. Page, A. R. Brasier, and M. B. Hershenson Regulation of human airway epithelial cell IL-8 expression by MAP kinases Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, October 1, 2002; 283(4): L690 - L699. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Lordan, F. Bucchieri, A. Richter, A. Konstantinidis, J. W. Holloway, M. Thornber, S. M. Puddicombe, D. Buchanan, S. J. Wilson, R. Djukanovic, et al. Cooperative Effects of Th2 Cytokines and Allergen on Normal and Asthmatic Bronchial Epithelial Cells J. Immunol., July 1, 2002; 169(1): 407 - 414. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Asokananthan, P. T. Graham, J. Fink, D. A. Knight, A. J. Bakker, A. S. McWilliam, P. J. Thompson, and G. A. Stewart Activation of Protease-Activated Receptor (PAR)-1, PAR-2, and PAR-4 Stimulates IL-6, IL-8, and Prostaglandin E2 Release from Human Respiratory Epithelial Cells J. Immunol., April 1, 2002; 168(7): 3577 - 3585. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. POMES, M. D. CHAPMAN, L. D. VAILES, T. L. BLUNDELL, and V. DHANARAJ Cockroach Allergen Bla g 2 . Structure, Function, and Implications for Allergic Sensitization Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., February 1, 2002; 165(3): 391 - 397. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Sun, M. A. Stacey, M. Schmidt, L. Mori, and S. Mattoli Interaction of Mite Allergens Der P3 and Der P9 with Protease-Activated Receptor-2 Expressed by Lung Epithelial Cells J. Immunol., July 15, 2001; 167(2): 1014 - 1021. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Reibman, A. T. Talbot, Y. Hsu, G. Ou, J. Jover, D. Nilsen, and M. H. Pillinger Regulation of Expression of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells: Roles of Protein Kinase C and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases J. Immunol., August 1, 2000; 165(3): 1618 - 1625. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. A. Lee and J. J. Lee The Macroimportance of the Pulmonary Immune Microenvironment Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., September 1, 1999; 21(3): 298 - 302. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. C. Tsitoura, R. H. DeKruyff, J. R. Lamb, and D. T. Umetsu Intranasal Exposure to Protein Antigen Induces Immunological Tolerance Mediated by Functionally Disabled CD4+ T Cells J. Immunol., September 1, 1999; 163(5): 2592 - 2600. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
